41.Olympic food(考古)
>>> 本月原始
【1】
大意是跟著公司們運營的時光愈來愈長，公司的效力愈來愈高。並且the cost of processing也在降低：舉例Color film在1920年要50 cents一單元，1970只要20cent。說對付food來講是同樣的。Olympic Foods 行將迎來它的35th誕辰，以是說its long experience will ensure min production cost 和max profitability。
【2】
是說履歷的增長會使得產物臨盆本錢削減，color film processing 的本錢從19XX年的每3-5inch 幾天的service由也許50cents削減到了19XX年的 也許25cents幾天的service, Olympic Foods這家公司要舉行25周年慶典了，以是可以料想它的利潤會增長。
【3】
olympic foods公司要學color film 用下降本錢的辦法來實現利潤最大化，別的恰好趕上他25周年懷念，以是公司頗有信念會勝利實現利潤最大化。。。。。
>>> 考古原題
The following appeared as part of an annual report sent to stockholders by Olympic Foods, a processor of frozen foods.
“Over time, the costs of processing go down because as organizations learn how to do things better, they become more efficient. In color film processing, for example, the cost of a 3-by-5-inch print fell from 50 cents for five-day service in 1970 to 20 cents for one-day service in 1984. The same principle applies to the processing of food. And since Olympic Foods will soon celebrate its twenty-fifth birthday, we can expect that our long experience will enable us to minimize costs and thus maximize profits.”
>>> 參考思緒(依據考古狗供給的思緒)
1. 毛病類比：The food industry is not analogous to the color film industry. 食物行業與彩色膠片行業不克不及同等。
2. 因果幹系——疏忽他因：Other factors that may contribute to the cost decline of the printing cost should be considered and ruled out. 彩色膠片例子中的本錢下降不必定是由於構造進修增長效力，還多是技巧改良、質料價錢降低、福利增長鼓勵員工等。
3. 無依據假如：The conclusion of the argument is based on a gratuitous assumption that the company can minimize cost and maximize profit because the company has been conducted for 25 years. 由於 (1)不是有履歷就能夠勤儉本錢 (2)不是cost降低profit就會增長，只有在銷量不削減大概增長的情形下才建立
>>> 參考範文
Citing facts drawn from the color-film processing industry that indicate a downward trend in the costs of film processing over a 24-year period, the author argues that Olympic Foods will likewise be able to minimize costs and thus maximize profits in the future. In support of this conclusion the author cites the general principle that “as organizations learn how to do things better, they become more efficient.” This principle, coupled with the fact that Olympic Foods has had 25 years of experience in the food processing industry leads to the author’s rosy prediction. This argument is unconvincing because it suffers from two critical flaws.
First, the author’s forecast of minimal costs and maximum profits rests on the gratuitous assumption that Olympic Foods’ “long experience” has taught it how to do things better. There is, however, no guarantee that this is the case. Nor does the author cite any evidence to support this assumption. Just as likely, Olympic Foods has learned nothing from its 25 years in the food-processing business. Lacking this assumption, the expectation of increased efficiency is entirely unfounded.
Second, it is highly doubtful that the facts drawn from the color-film processing industry are applicable to the food processing industry. Differences between the two industries clearly outweigh the similarities, thus making the analogy highly less than valid. For example, problems of spoilage, contamination, and timely transportation all affect the food industry but are virtually absent in the film-processing industry. Problems such as these might present insurmountable obstacles that prevent lowering food-processing costs in the future.
As it stands the author’s argument is not compelling. To strengthen the conclusion that Olympic Foods will enjoy minimal costs and maximum profits in the future, the author would have to provide evidence that the company has learned how to do things better as a result of its 25 years of experience. Supporting examples drawn from industries more similar to the food-processing industry would further substantiate the author’s view.
市場價：HK$ 110
