新托福聽力考古學場景分析及應對技巧

　　依據履歷，在托福聽力測驗4個lecture中，必會湧現最少一個汗青、藝術、或考古類的話題，前兩種場景以前已為眾人做了先容，本日就給考生具體剖析下末了一種托福聽力場景—考古學，願望能贊助考生更好的備考托福聽力。

　　新托福聽力考古學話題自己就不為寬大考生熟習，以是，一提起來考古學，許多考生都邑覺得很重要，考生要想有用減緩這類情形，最佳的方法便是懂得這類場相幹的辭匯，而且經由過程案例懂得該場景常考的話題，請看下面具體內容：

　　一、概述

　　考古話題每每和其他分支學科發生接洽，詳細可以從如下幾個方面來考核：

　　汗青年月：如分歧地輿地質時代的化石，遺址等。

　　人類學：如某個汗青階段人類生存對象和遺跡的挖掘，故而推想出其時人們的生存狀況。

　　藝術類：比方古代壁畫，陶瓷的發明及其藝術代價。

　　其他話題：貿易輕易和其他學科發生交織，如古生物學和文化等。

　　所謂話題的交織性，前幾講中咱們也提到過，但在考古學中這一特色獲得了升華。考古學很難自力成段子，一樣平常會觸及其他方面，在這裏考生應當多積聚汗青，地質，人文方面的常識。推舉BBC的documentary，活潑且使人印象深入。

　　二、案例剖析

　　下面是一個考古學的經典案例：

　　TPO 30 Lecture 2 (Paleontology)

　　聽力原文：

　　1) And as for popular attitudes towards dinosaurs … well, take the Obiraptor for instance … In the 1920s, a paleontologist discovered the fossil

　　remains of a small dinosaur near a nest containing eggs. He assumed the dinosaur was stealing the eggs, so he named it Oviraptor that means egg thief in Latin, which fueled the generally negative public image of such dinosaurs … But by the 1990s, other experts had convincingly made the case that instead of robbing the nest; the Oviraptor was probably taking care of the eggs. You see, dinosaurs’ closest living relatives–birds and crocodiles–display nesting behavior. And dinosaur fossils have been found in postures that we now believe to indicate brooding behavior, that is, sitting on the eggs until they hatch.

　　Q: What is the professor's attitude toward the name "Obiraptor"?Click on 2 answers.

　　A. It accurately represents the behavior of the dinosaur

　　B. It resulted from an incorrect translation of the original Latin term

　　C. It was based on a misunderstanding of the fossil evidence

　　D. It influenced popular attitudes toward dinosaurs

　　剖析：

　　這裏提到了attitude一詞，解釋考到了語氣立場這個考點。在讀標題以前咱們其實不曉得是不是會有立場題的湧現，然則以上聽力內容中湧現了全文主要觀點───

　　Obiraptor的描寫與評價。在聽的過程當中咱們要學會預判考點：作者花這麽長的時光評價這一律念，必定會湧現細節題。果真，此處湧現雙選題。文中還湧現了attitude一詞，劃線部門解釋Obiraptor一詞讓這類恐龍給民眾帶來負面的印象，以是選D。這裏固然湧現Latin一詞，但與B意思分歧，留意不要掉入圈套。更主要的是下文湧現遷移轉變幹系，澄清了這類恐龍是為了offer

　　care而非偷蛋，是以C為準確選項。提示考生，在懂得句意的同時要學會抓癥結詞。Obiraptor是全文的癥結詞，是以此詞集合湧現之處必定是考點。

　　留意：抽象詞的湧現會影響懂得。fuel作為名詞是“燃料”，而做動詞的意思是“供給燃料”，引伸為“給 … 供給推進力，刺激”。可以遐想到trigger,

　　spark, breed, drive等詞，背面表現致使的效果。

　　2) No, there’s more. They also examined the fossilized bones of those three types of dinosaurs that were found on or near nests to determine their sex. You see, adult female birds during egg production produce a layer of spongy bone tissue inside certain long bones. And so did female dinosaurs of the kinds that were investigated. This spongy tissue serves as a source of calcium for eggshell formation. But when the dinosaur fossils were examined, there were no spongy bone deposits.

　　Q: What is the function of the spongy tissue in the bones of a female bird?

　　A. In makes the bird more comfortable while sitting on her eggs for long periods of time.

　　B. In enables female birds to lay more eggs.

　　C. It strengthens the bird's bones just before she lays her eggs.

　　D. It serves as a source of calcium for eggshells.

　　剖析：

　　並列銜接詞also告知咱們背面還會有癥結內容湧現。直到下文湧現了主要觀點spongy tissue，與其相幹的內容有eggshell

　　formation。以是這類物資的排泄是與蛋殼鈣質的構成有關的，是以選D。此題難點在於語速快，加上上文難句長句多，考點麋集，輕易疏忽，但若一旦捕獲到癥結詞，就很輕易選對。

　　三、考點追蹤

　　經由過程古生物學這個例子，咱們可以看出考古學的聽力段子話題具備如下特色：

　　留意並列和遷移轉變幹系 這是總紀律和考點地點。

　　抽象詞的快速懂得 發起每做完一篇lecture就總結一下這種辭匯。

　　提早預判考點

　　以上內容給考生具體剖析了新托福聽力考古學場景，願望能贊助考生更好的去備考新托福聽力測驗，考古題話題靈巧性大，內容交織性強，以是，考生在備考的時刻應該授與充足的看重，末了，祝考生在接下來的托福測驗中有精彩的表示。