長難句在托福瀏覽測驗中的湧現是弗成防止的，考生的長難句剖析才能差不但會影響瀏覽速率和瀏覽精確性，並且還會影響某些題型的準確率，由於在托福瀏覽十大題型傍邊，句子簡化題、究竟信息題和推理題這幾種題型都直接或間接地在考核門生剖析長難句的才能。在面臨長難句時，考生必定不克不及只見單詞，不見構造，句子骨幹部門永久比潤飾部門要主要。下面就經由過程一些例子教考生一些剖析長難句的技能，供考生參考。
6、The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl.
(賓語從句what we now know as)
如今可以得到這些圍繞險些每一個大都會邊沿地域的地盤，這一大概性引發了一場房地產開辟的高潮並造成為了咱們如今稱為城區無籌劃擴大的征象。
分句1：The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled
分句2：what we now know as urban sprawl
分句2嵌套在分句1裏，即分句1是主句，分句2是賓語從句，主句構造經由精簡應當是The new accessibility of land sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled urban sprawl.
整句話的謂語動詞是 sparked 和 fueled, 兩個並列的動詞。
本句的懂得艱苦還來自於抽象詞fuel，它作為名詞的寄義廣為人知，是能源、燃料，作為動詞的時刻的意思就能夠引伸為(供應燃料)引發，匆匆使、造成。
7、But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.
(Of構造作定語：of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs…)
但這些身分並不克不及說明這個風趣的題目：為什麽在一個特定的所在會如斯會合地湧現行將臨產的有身魚龍群。
分句1： But these factors do not account for the interesting question
分句2： of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth
分句1中嵌套著分句2.
分句2是of構造作後置定語潤飾解釋question的內容。
8、Amid rumors that there were prehistoric mammoths wandering around the unknown region and that somewhere in its wilds was a mountain of rock salt 80 by 45 miles in extent，the two captains set out.
(同位語從句rumors that…)
其時有一些傳言，說有史前的猛獁在這一生疏的地區運動，並且在這一地區的某個處所有一座偉大的鹽石山，其面積達80英裏長50英裏寬。就在這些傳言中，兩位上尉動身了。
分句1：Amid rumors
分句2：that there were prehistoric mammoths wandering around the unknown region
分句3：and that somewhere in its wilds was a mountain of rock salt 80 by 45 miles in extent
分句4：the two captains set out.
全部句子的主句是分句4.
"Amid" 表現“在 ......當中", 是介詞，它引誘的分句1嵌套著分句2和分句3，而且在整句話中作狀語。 而分句2和分句3是並列幹系的同位語從句來潤飾分句1中的rumors，作rumors的同位語從句，用來解釋流言的詳細內容。
9、In the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboard group，a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century.
(同位語a supremacy)
17世紀時風琴、敲弦琴和撥弦琴成為鍵盤樂器類的重要成員，這類登峰造極的位置一向由它們堅持，直到18世紀末被鋼琴所代替。
分句1：In the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboard group，
分句2：a supremacy
分句3：they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century
分句2是分句1的同位語，用來潤飾解釋分句1中的the chief instruments of the keyboard group，分句3是省略了 "that" 的定語從句，潤飾分句2.
10、A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound，from a liquid，singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance.
(介詞構造from…to…作定語)
連續到19世紀的一系列機器上的改良，包含引入踏板以保持聲調或使其柔和，改良金屬框架，和應用絕佳牲能的鋼絲，終極發生了一種具有無數聲調後果的樂器——這些後果涵蓋了從最精細的和聲到險些全體的管弦樂音響，從明快流利的吟唱聲調到尖利的襲擊樂器的廣大氛圍。
分句1：A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century;
分句2：including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it;
分句3：the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finest quality;
分句4：finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects;
分句5：from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound;
分句6：from a liquid，singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance。
本句的真實的主句構造實際上是由分句1和分句4組成，即A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects. 分句2和分句3並列潤飾解釋分句1中的A series of mechanical improvements，而分句5和分句6並列，潤飾解釋了分句4中的an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects.
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