早產並發癥誘發嬰幼兒死亡

　　11月24日VOA聽力：早產並發癥是致使嬰幼兒滅亡的第一大死因

　　The complications of preterm birth have killed morebabies and young children than anything else.

　　"We've gotten some infectious diseases,diarrhealillnesses, malnutrition-those have been goingdown,so we're making good gains there.

　　But preterm birth has not been going down in manycountries. It's been increasing."

　　Worldwide, 15 million children are born prematurely each year.

　　One million of them die,but others suffer lifelong disabilities...blindness, cerebral palsy, reducedintellectual ability and more.

　　Sixty percent of preterm births occur in Africa and South Asia.

　　And although the rate of preterm births in the U.S. has dropped to 11.5 percent,it's still thehighest rate of preterm births in any industrialized country.

　　Scientists at Stanford University found a difference in the bacteria in women's vaginas thatmay be critical in the understanding of prematurity.

　　"At Stanford they found that women who delivered preterm had a different community ofmicroorganisms than women who delivered at term."

　　Another study shows women have healthier babies at least a year and a half.

　　"A woman's body requires about 18 months to recover between pregnancies."

　　Less than 18 months between births increases the risk of prematurity.

　　Other ways to reduce that risk including aoviding smoking.Getting good prenatal care,nutrition and exercise.

　　Even so,doctors don't know what causes half of preterm births so the risks will depend on newdiscovery and research.

　　"It would be truly one giant leap for mankind if we could prevent millions of premature birthsand save hundreds of thousands of babies'lives."

　　The goal is healthier babies who require less medical care and who can grow up to becomeproductive citizens.

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　　【參考譯文】

　　早產並發癥是致使嬰幼兒滅亡的第一大死因。

　　“流行癥、腹瀉及養分不良的抱病概率降低，並且咱們已獲得了一些希望。

　　但很多國度的早產率反而出現增長趨向。”

　　每一年，全球有1500萬名早產兒童。

　　個中有100萬人滅亡，但其別人則得了如眼盲、大腦癱瘓、智力降低等的畢生殘疾。

　　60%的早產兒是在非洲及南亞出身。

　　只管美國的早產率已下降至11.5%，但仍然是蓬勃國度中最高的。

　　斯坦福大學的科學家們發明女性陰道存在菌群差別大概對付研討早產非常癥結。

　　“在斯坦福大學，研討職員發明早產母親和正常時光母親比擬有著判然不同的微生物群。”

　　另外一項研討發明女性有身假如距離1年半會生出更加康健的寶寶。

　　“女性的身材須要18個月能力規復再次懷胎。”

　　而距離假如不敷18個月會增長早產機率。

　　下降早產危害的其他方法包含戒煙、優越產前照顧護士、攝入豐碩養分及始終如一的錘煉。

　　即使如斯，研討職員仍不通曉一半的早產是甚麽緣故原由造成，是以大概只有新的發明及研討能力揭開這個謎團。

　　“咱們可以或許防備數百萬嬰兒早產並救濟成這些軟弱的性命，這對人類來講將是邁出的偉大一步。”

　　人們的目的是嬰兒可以或許康健發展，須要更少的醫療照顧護士，而且長大後對成為社會有進獻的國民。