GRE詞匯之物理相關詞匯

2015/12/23 瀏覽次數:4 收藏
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  在英語國度或國際黌舍進修的同窗都邑打仗到的一門課便是Science(科學),Science應有盡有,物理、化學、生物等等。中國的同窗在中學裏對這些學科異常熟習,然則進入英語情況以後常會由於對專業辭匯不熟而措手不及。本日咱們就經由過程幾個常識點來講說物理裏的英語,GRE辭匯之物理詳解。

  Heat Conduction熱傳導

  原文:When a substance is heated, heat is passed from its hotter part to its cooler part. This way of passing heat is called conduction. Metals conduct heat easily. They are good conductors. Non-metals, such as wood, glass and plastic cannot conduct heat easily. They are bad conductors.

  翻譯:物資受熱時,熱量從溫度高之處向溫度低之處通報。這類熱的通報方法叫傳導。金屬輕易導熱,是優越的導體。非金屬,如木頭、玻璃、塑料,不容易導熱,不是優越的導體。

  講授:上文中,substance是指物資,物資也能夠用matter來表現。Conduct是通報、傳導的意思,做動詞時重音在後,讀作/ kənˈdʌkt/,conduct的名詞情勢是conduction,導體為conductor。導熱,可以說heat conduction,也能夠用passing heat來表達。

  Travel of Sound聲音的流傳

  原文:Sound is produced when things vibrate, like beating a drum or beating a guitar.Sound has to travel through solid, liquid or air to ears. When the sound is blocked by other things, it become less loud and clear. Sound travels better through liquid that through air. It travels best through solid.

  翻譯:聲音是經由過程震撼發生的,比方敲鼓或彈吉他。聲音經由過程固體、液體或氛圍傳中聽朵。當聲音被其他物資阻攔時,聲音會變小、變得不清楚。聲音在液體中流傳比在氣體中流傳快,在固體中流傳最快。

  講授:travel除指旅遊,也能夠表現流傳,比方travel of sound聲音的流傳, travel of light光的流傳。第一句sound is produced when things vibrate是一個被動句,由be produced組成被動構造;這句話中,vibrate的意思是震撼。這段中三個癥結詞為solid固體,liquid液體和air氛圍。

  Refraction of light光的折射

  原文:Air, water and glass can let light pass through. They are called medium. When light passes from one medium to another, such as from water to air, its direction changes. This is called the refraction of light. The words under thick glass look higher up. The chopstick dipped into water looks bent. The rainbow looks curved. These are some examples of light refraction.

  翻譯:氛圍、水和玻璃可使光經由過程,他們叫做介質。當光從一種介質流傳到另外一種介質,比方從水射入氛圍,偏向會產生變更,這一征象叫光的折射。厚玻璃下面的字看起來更高。浸入水中的筷子看起來曲折。彩虹是彎的。這些都是光的折射。

  講授:medium是介質的意思,介質是指可以或許流傳能量的載體。Dip,浸蘸。Curve用作名詞曲直線的意思,curved為形容詞,曲折的。

  以上一些例子中,句子大多為簡略句,說話其實不算難。咱們可以看到,一些常見的辭匯,比方medium序言,在物理學科中就成了專著名詞。假如有相幹的物理配景常識,照樣很好懂得的。有許多咱們平常生存中熟悉的辭匯,在科學配景的材估中仿佛就變得難以懂得了。這是由於咱們短缺相幹的專業常識,不曉得這個詞在如許的語境下是甚麽意思。為了不這類情形,須要多積聚普遍的配景常識,並在進修的時刻充足變更起來。

  物理學科其他經常使用辭匯

  力force

  速率velocity

  熱heat

  溫度temperature

  固體solid

  液體liquid

  氣體gas

  晶體crystal

  熔點melting point

  凝集點solidifying point

  汽化vaporization

  蒸發evaporation

  沸騰boiling

  液化liquefaction

  升華sublimation

  凝華condensation

  熱通報heat transfer

  熱傳導heat conduction

  熱對流heat convection

  熱輻射heat radiation

  接收absorb(v.)

  放出release(v.)

  玻璃glass

  磁體magnet

  重力gravity

  浮力buoyancy force

  電electricity

  正極positive plate

  負極negative plate

  電壓voltage

  伏特Volt

  磨擦起電electrification by friction

  電路electric circuit

  電源power source

  導線wire

  電鍵/開關key(switch)

  電流electric current

  燈膽light bulb

  試管test tube

  漏斗filter funnel

  燒杯 beaker

  量杯 graduated cylinder

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