2016年5月7日托福閱讀真題及答案解析

　　2016年5月7日大陸地域托福瀏覽考題若何解答?小編第臨時間為眾人帶來了2016年5月7日大陸地域托福瀏覽真題剖析及謎底(托福瀏覽機經)，別的科目回想及謎底剖析詳見：》》》2016年5月7日托福真題剖析匯總

　　瀏覽部門

　　辭匯題

　　diminish = decrease

　　rudimentary=primitive

　　readily=quickly

　　hasten = hurry

　　hence=thus

　　prolong=extend

　　divert=redirect

　　widespread = common

　　excessive e=too much

　　controversy=debate

　　strictly aquatic habitat = only live in aquatic environment

　　第一篇

　　題材分別：情況類

　　大部門淡水存在冰川中，可用的地表水只有40%上下。因為人們過分用來澆灌和豢養畜生，以是地表水越來越少。當refill跟不上用的速率了，地表水就開端缺少。地表水層由沙子石優等構成，水少了今後就開端collapse，湧現一些holes，如許地表水層的空間就更小了。有個400米深的水井，人們就大批應用致使四周的淺一點處所都沒有水了，人們只能放棄那些處所。厥後又講了一種叫做地盤鹽堿化的相幹災禍對海邊的影響。

　　相幹配景材料：

　　Soilsalinity is the salt content in thesoil; the process of increasing the salt content is known as salinization. Saltsoccur naturally within soils and water. Salination can be caused by naturalprocesses such as mineral weathering or by the gradual withdrawal of an ocean.It can also come about though artificial processes such as irrigation.

　　Causes of soil salinity

　　The excess accumulation of salts, typicallymost pronounced at the soil surface, can result in salt-affected soils. Saltsmay rise to the soil surface by capillary transport from a salt-laden watertable and then accumulate due to evaporation. They can also become concentratedin soils due to human activity, for example the use of potassium as fertilizer,which can form sylvite, a naturally occurring salt. As soil salinity increases,salt effects can result in degradation of soils and vegetation.

　　Salinization as a processcan result from:

　　-high levels of salt inwater.

　　-landscape features thatallow salts to become mobile (movement of water table).

　　-climatic trends that favoraccumulation.

　　-human activities such asland clearing.

　　-Irrigation - salt runofffrom streets (in winter if the streets are salted for snow)

　　第二篇

　　題材分別：地質類

　　重要內容：火星是不是存在性命體

　　火星摸索發明外面沒有水，削減了有性命的大概。良久曩昔，一顆火星的隕石飛到了地球的極圈，由於很冷以是能根本無汙染的保留下來。科學家打開來檢討，發明有種長得像地球太古生物(蟲?)的生物，然則其他科學家說這個構造過小了，弗成能有生物的根本功效。還發明了carbon的元素，這是地球性命發生的必需物資，但又有指出說這是地球生物的必需，照樣不克不及證實火星能有性命。

　　相幹配景材料：

　　The current understanding ofplanetary habitability—the ability of a world to develop environmentalconditions favorable to the emergence of life—favors planets that have liquidwater on their surface. Most often this requires the orbit of a planet to liewithin the habitable zone, which for the Sun extends from just beyond Venus toabout the semi-major axis of Mars. During perihelion, Mars dips inside this region,but the planet's thin (low-pressure) atmosphere prevents liquid water fromexisting over large regions for extended periods. The past flow of liquid waterdemonstrates the planet's potential for habitability. Some recent evidence hassuggested that any water on the Martian surface may have been too salty andacidic to support regular terrestrial life.

　　The lack of a magnetosphereand the extremely thin atmosphere of Mars are a challenge: the planet haslittle heat transfer across its surface, poor insulation against bombardment ofthe solar wind and insufficient atmospheric pressure to retain water in aliquid form (water instead sublimes to a gaseous state). Mars is also nearly,or perhaps totally, geologically dead; the end of volcanic activity hasapparently stopped the recycling of chemicals and minerals between the surface andinterior of the planet.

　　Evidence suggests that theplanet was once significantly more habitable than it is today, but whetherliving organisms ever existed there remains unknown. The Viking probes of themid-1970s carried experiments designed to detect microorganisms in Martian soilat their respective landing sites and had positive results, including atemporary increase of CO2 production on exposure to water and nutrients. Thissign of life was later disputed by some scientists, resulting in a continuingdebate, with NASA scientist Gilbert Levin asserting that Viking may have foundlife. A re-analysis of the Viking data, in light of modern knowledge ofextremophile forms of life, has suggested that the Viking tests were notsophisticated enough to detect these forms of life. The tests could even havekilled a (hypothetical) life form. Tests conducted by the Phoenix Mars landerhave shown that the soil has a alkaline pH and it contains magnesium, sodium,potassium and chloride. The soil nutrients may be able to support life, butlife would still have to be shielded from the intense ultraviolet light.

　　第三篇

　　題材分別：生物類

　　重要內容：兩棲類動物在戈壁的生計

　　講的是一種兩棲動物，一個toad—個蝦，如安在戈壁缺水的情況裏生計的。主如果講他們應用很短的潮濕的季候舉行滋生來保持種族的繁衍;在旱季的時刻，經由過程各類掩護行動來生計下來。toad是歷久在地下，然後在適合的時刻出來產卵繁衍。還說了未成年的應答，好比水快沒了的一些應答。toad存活率很低，由於缺水的話toad就會長得很小，然後toad內部有弱肉強食，外部又有其他捕食者。還講了有水的時刻能力活的一種蝦，這類蝦也是在盆地底層一向蟄伏良久，直到適合情況敏捷孵化，通常為冬季，由於冬季水會比擬多，在十天上下的時光，然後敏捷繁衍。

　　以上便是本日小編為眾人分享的2016年5月7日托福瀏覽真題及謎底剖析，願望對加入托福測驗的考生有所贊助。想要加入托福培訓、雅思培訓的考生請選取。末了，小編祝眾人出國留學之路順順遂利!更多出色內容盡在留學托福測驗頻道。