從2016年開端，預備本科赴美留學的童鞋們須要加入新SAT測驗。新SAT測驗與現行的SAT測驗比擬，瀏覽部門的難度更高，由於新SAT瀏覽中增長了對美國開國文獻的考核，也便是說，假如沒讀過《自力宣言》，沒學過《權力法案》，不曉得美國國會的組成和本能機能，不懂得漢密爾頓是誰等等，想讀懂新SAT瀏覽是很難的。為了贊助童鞋們戰勝缺少配景常識的停滯，本文特地整頓了新SAT明白要考核的開國文獻之一《權力法案》的中英雙語版，願望對童鞋們備考新SAT有所贊助~
權力法案(美國)(中英文)
1787年在費城草擬的憲法，在各州審議同意的過程當中，也有很多美國國民覺得不安，由於憲法中並無明白保障小我的權力。是以，《憲法》彌補了10條修改案，同一稱為《權力法案》，英文叫The Bill of Rights.因為彌補了《權力法案》，《憲法》在13個州均獲同意，並於1789年見效。
第一條 Amendment I
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion， or prohibiting the free exercise thereof;or abridging the freedom of speech， or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble， and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
譯文：國會不得制訂關於以下事變的司法：建立國教或制止信教自由;褫奪談吐自由或出書自由;或褫奪國民寧靜聚會會議和向當局示威伸冤的權力。
第二條 Amendment II
A well regulated Militia， being necessary to the security of a free State， the right of the people to keep and bear Arms， shall not be infringed.
譯文：規律嚴正的民兵是保障自由州的平安所必須的，國民持有和攜帶兵器的權力弗成侵占。
第三條 Amendment III
No Soldier shall， in time of peace be quartered in any house，without the consent of the Owner， nor in time of war， but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
譯文：未經房東贊成，兵士日常平凡不得駐紮在任何室廬;除依司法劃定的方法，戰時也不得駐紮。
第四條 Amendment IV
The right of the people to be secure in their persons， houses， papers， and effects， against unreasonable searches and seizures，shall not be violated， and no Warrants shall issue， but upon probable cause， supported by Oathor affirmation， and particularly describing the place to be searched， and the persons or things to be seized.
譯文：國民的人身、室廬、文件和產業不受無理查抄和拘留收禁的權力，不得侵占。除根據大概建立的來由，以宣誓或代誓宣言包管，並具體解釋查抄所在和拘留收禁的人或物，不得發出查抄和拘留收禁狀。
第五條 Amendment V
No person shall be held to answer for a capital， or otherwise infamous crime， unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury， except in cases arising in the land or naval forces， or in the Militia， when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself， nor be deprived of life， liberty， or property， without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use， without just compensation.
譯文：除非依據大陪審團的申報或告狀書，任何人不受極刑或其他重罪的審訊，但產生在陸、水師中或產生在戰時或湧現大眾傷害時服役的民兵中的案件除外;任何人不得因統一犯法行動而兩次遭遇性命或身材的傷害;不得在任何刑事案件中被迫自證其罪;不經合法司法法式，不得被褫奪性命、自由或產業。不賜與公正補償，私有產業不得充作公用。
第六條 Amendment VI
In all criminal prosecutions， the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial， by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed， which district shall have been previously ascertained by law， and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor， and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.
譯文：在統統刑事訴訟中，被告有權由犯法行動產生地的州和地域的公平陪審團予以敏捷和公然的審訊，該地域應事前已由司法肯定;得悉控訴的性子和來由;同原告證人對證;以強迫法式獲得對其有益的證人;並獲得狀師贊助為其辯解。
第七條 Amendment VII
In suits at common law， where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars， the right of trial by jury shall be preserved， and no fact tried by a jury， shall be otherwise reexamined in any Court of the United States，than according to the rules of the common law.
譯文：在習氣法的訴訟中，其辯論價額跨越二十美元，由陪審團審訊的權力應遭到掩護。由陪審團判決的究竟，合眾國的任何法院除非依照習氣法規矩，不得從新檢察。
第八條 Amendment VIII
Excessive bail shall not be required， nor excessive fines imposed， nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
譯文：不得請求過量的保釋金，不得處以太重的罰金，不得施加殘暴和異常的處分。
第九條 Amendment IX
The enumeration in the Constitution， of certain rights， shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
譯文：本憲法對某些權力的枚舉，不得被說明為否認或歧視由國民保存的其他權力。
第十條 Amendment X
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution， nor prohibited by it to the States， are reserved to the States respectively， or to the people.
譯文：憲法未付與合眾國、也未制止各州利用的權利，由各州各自保存，或由國民保存。
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