IS組織在中亞招募成員

　　6月13日VOA聽力：IS構造在中亞招募成員

　　WASHINGTON—The United Nations estimates thatIslamic State and related groups have at least25,000 foreign fighters from more than 100countries. According to data from the U.S.Counterterrorism Center, Islamic State has alreadyrecruited hundreds of people from Tajikistan andKyrgyzstan and more than 1,000 men from Kazakhstan.

　　"Just last week we learned that the chief of Tajikistan's counter-terrorism program, someonehighly trained by the United States government, abandoned his post to join ISIS," said Rep.Christ Smith of New Jersey.

　　Experts say some of the challenges that Central Asian governments face are of their ownmaking: widespread corruption, lack of the rule of law and violation of human rights.Unemployment and poor economic prospects add to popular discontent. Radical groupsexploit these factors to attract young people to their cause.

　　The United States is working with regional governments to prevent the dissemination ofterrorist messages through social media and the cross-border flow of fighters.

　　"While there are no reliable statistics, research suggests that the vast majority of CentralAsian fighters in Syria and Iraq are recruited while outside their own countries, mostly while theyare in Russia, where millions of them live as migrant workers," said Daniel Rosenblum, DeputyAssistant Secretary of State for Central Asia.

　　Experts say there is no simple solution to the problem, but a key long-term effort must includeimproving the economic prospects so young people can work at home, where radicalization isless likely to take place than in migrant communities.

　　While the United States can help in that effort, some say that the real solutions will be local.

　　"They are the ones closest to the action. They are the ones who know their communities andthey are the ones who are ultimately going to either detect and/or prevent, or respond to anincident," said Frank Cilluffo of George Washington University.

　　Experts say that governments in Central Asia and elsewhere also must improve their humanrights record and prevent marginalization of minorities.

　　【參考譯文】

　　結合國估量伊斯蘭國和相幹構造從100多個國度招募了最少2.5萬名外國武裝份子，依據美國反恐中間的數據，伊斯蘭國已從塔吉克斯坦和吉爾吉斯斯坦招募了數百人，從哈薩克斯坦招募了1000多人。

　　“上周咱們據說，獲得美國當局經心培訓的塔吉克斯坦反恐項目賣力人已去職參加ISIS了。”

　　專家說中亞列國當局面對的挑釁都是他們本身一手培養的：廣泛存在的腐爛、缺乏法治和侵罪人權、賦閑、經濟遠景糟、大眾的不滿，極度構造應用這些因向來吸引年青人參加。

　　美國正與地域列國當局互助來阻攔恐懼信息經由過程交際媒體流傳和武裝份子跨境流竄。

　　“只管沒有靠得住的數據，研討註解在敘利亞和伊拉克的大多半中亞武裝份子都是在本國以外被招募的，大多半是在俄羅斯，稀有百萬人在俄羅斯以移民工人身份生存著。”

　　專家稱辦理這個題目沒有簡略的方法，但歷久的盡力必需包含改良經濟遠景，如許年青人就可以在本國事情，與在移民國度比擬，極度主義在本國不大大概產生。

　　只管美國能在這個題目上幫到忙，但有人說真實的辦理方法在於本地人。

　　“本地人對情形最為懂得，他們懂得本地社區，曉得哪些人會去加入這些構造，然後舉行偵察、防備或應答這些情形。”

　　專家稱中亞列國等地的列國當局還必需改良其人權記載，防備少數人群的邊沿化。