韓劇何故在中國大受迎接
一部報告受過哈釋教育的400歲外星人愛上狂妄女演員的韓國電視劇，在中國激發癡迷的高潮，致使中國在線流媒體公司開端競相搶購其他韓國電視節目標播映權，令價錢翻了險些十倍。
中國文娛羈系機構隨後動手對外國電視內容施加了更大的限定，而且采用了更普遍的辦法來束縛中國的收集視頻市場。這個市場正在快速增加，已成了電視台節目標一個廣受迎接的替換選取。(中國官方統計數據表現，在2014歲尾，包含電視節目在內的網上視頻共得到4.33億觀眾，使其成為環球最大的市場)。中國收集視頻業的許多業內子士都認為，新準則的出台最少部門上是《來自星星的你》激發的。
面臨這些限定，搜狐、愛奇藝和優酷等人氣流媒體網站想要推出本身制造的韓國作風內容，以知足國人對這種節目標需求，由於韓國風行文化在中國激發了普遍留戀。這象征著試下應用韓國的機密兵器，一個讓韓國釀成風行文化大國的奇異配方：大批打造出在外洋廣受迎接的藝人和節目，好比說唱歌手Psy、歌手Rain，和《來自星星的你》如許的熱播劇。
“咱們有著配合的文化，珍愛相似的社會代價觀，是以韓國的節目很輕易被中國觀眾懂得和接收。”愛奇藝的國際傳訊總監索菲·於(Sophie Yu)說。愛奇藝是搜刮巨子百度旗下的一個流媒體視頻網站。
對付中國企業，這個計謀的部門內容是制造人氣韓國節目標中國版本，特別是綜藝和真人秀節目。中國當前最火爆的一些電視節目，如浙江電視台的遊戲綜藝節目《奔馳吧兄弟》，湖南電視台的真人秀節目《爸爸去哪兒》，都因此韓國節目為模版制造的。中國險些全部的頂級在線視頻網站都已與韓國電視台及制造公司簽署了協定，結合制造專門針對中國觀眾的電視節目。
但《來自星星的你》大獲勝利後，中國公司把眼光投向了更高之處。客歲，數以百萬計的中國觀眾收看了這部21集的韓劇，它最初是在著名韓國電視台首爾放送(Seoul Broadcasting System)播出的。
該劇集激發了天下性的狂熱。由於暴食炸雞和啤酒(該劇中的女演員最愛好的食品)，一些粉絲進了病院，乃至第一夫人彭麗媛也未能免俗。該劇男主角是一個來自外星的萬人迷，頭發黝黑稠密，官方媒體《國民日報》援用彭麗媛的評論述，她丈夫習近平年青時與這名男主角的形狀有些類似。
《來自星星的你》這種電視劇的目的受眾主如果十幾歲到四十歲出頭的女性。比擬於《權利的遊戲》和《紙牌屋》等熱播美劇，她們更愛好看這類被稱為“腦殘劇”的節目。
流媒體辦事優酷網的國際采購高等主管熊淑琴表現，這部劇“將韓海內容帶給了主流觀眾”。該劇在2013年12月首播，前三個月的旁觀量跨越25億次。
“《來自星星的你》是一部異常棒的電視劇，就像20世紀90年月及21世紀初的《好友記》(Friends)同樣，”搜狐韓海內容計謀賣力人關詠說。“咱們固然願望能做出如許的劇，但這觸及許多要素。”
多年來，中國的文娛行業視察人士試圖說明韓國電視業占領中國市場的緣故原由。他們稱，歸根結柢在於包裝。
“韓國人一向能做的比擬好是由於他們重視細節，”中國記者、歷久存眷韓國文娛業的剖析師範消靜說。“中國便是沒法捕獲到那種浪漫。”
專家稱，中國多達70%的制造預算都花在演員身上，韓國和中國的制片人都表現，與中國分歧，韓國的節目每每在制造背景及編劇方面消費更多資金，防止假道具、品牌及配景布幕，應用真材實料。因為韓國的電視劇在拍攝終了後立刻播放，編劇和導演很快就可以獲得反饋，使得他們可以或許依據觀眾的請求做出調劑。
以前曾在首爾一家藝人掮客公司事情的關女生表現，韓國的演員也是從很小開端造就的，他們進修若何走路、穿衣。他們接收整容手術，作為練習的一部門，他們還要進修若何“只流下一滴眼淚”。
中韓兩國的制片人都表現，中國人正在奮起直追，他們也在懂得甚麽內容最能讓中國觀眾發生共識。這些制片人表現，節目必需是快節拍的，假如是電視劇的話，應當是戀愛故事。
“中國人認為，好電視劇便是那些講非實際主題的，”文化批評人、制片人馬雪說。“講的都是灰密斯與王子愛情的故事。”
而愛的表達一般為抑制的。在《來自星星的你》中，外星人都敏俊和女明星千頌伊即就是接吻，都敏俊都邑湧現緊張的不適。
依據客歲9月頒布的新劃定，中國各流媒體網站供給的外國電視節目內容不克不及跨越其總量的30%。除此以外，全部外國節目在上線播出前，必需經由檢察機構的檢察。
韓國的制造公司仍在想方法應用中國快速成長的收集市場。 HB文娛公司正在與一家中國公司互助，特殊針對中國市場制造兩部與《來自星星的你》相似的新劇，一部是中文的，一部是韓語的，但都邑加之字幕。
“中國如今是咱們的計謀的主要構成部門，”韓國HB文娛公司賣力人文普美說。“許多中國公司都願望與韓國公司互助，由於咱們善於寫腳本。”該公司比來北京開設了辦公室。
【參考譯文】
China’s obsession with a South Korean television show about a 400-year-old Harvard-educated alien who falls in love with an arrogant actress reached such a frenzy last year that online streaming companies here began racing to snap up licensing rights for other South Korean television programs, inflating their prices almost tenfold。
Then China’s entertainment regulators stepped in, imposing greater limits on foreign television content as part of a broader campaign to rein in China’s fast-growing market for online video, which has become a popular alternative to Chinese broadcast television. (According to official statistics, there were 433 million viewers of online video — TV shows included — in China by the end of 2014, making it the largest streaming market in the world。) Many in the online video industry in China suspect the new guidelines were issued at least partly because of the popularity of “My Love From Another Star。”
Faced with the limits, popular streaming websites like Sohu, iQiyi and Youku want to develop their own Korean-inspired content to sate the country’s appetite for the programming, part of a broader fascination with Korean popular culture. That has meant trying to tap into South Korea’s secret sauce — the magic formula that has turned the country into a pop-culture juggernaut that churns out viral exports like the singer and rapper Psy, the singer Rain and hits like “My Love From Another Star。”
“We share the same culture and cherish similar social values,” said Sophie Yu, director of international communications for iQiyi, the online video streaming website affiliated with the search giant Baidu. “So Korean content naturally is easy to be understood and accepted by the Chinese audience。”
For Chinese companies, part of the strategy includes making Chinese versions of popular South Korean fare, particularly variety and reality shows. Some of the hottest Chinese programs, like Zhejiang Television’s game-variety show “Running Man” and Hunan Television’s reality show “Where Are We Going, Dad?,” were based on South Korean formats. Nearly all of China’s top online video websites have signed agreements with South Korean television stations and production companies to co-produce television shows tailored for Chinese audiences。
But after the success of “My Love From Another Star,” Chinese companies are setting their sights higher. Millions of viewers in China last year tuned in to watch the 21-episode mini-series, which originally aired on the Seoul Broadcasting System, a leading South Korean network。
The show ignited a nationwide frenzy. Fans were hospitalized for binge-eating fried chicken and beer (the star actress’s favorite food on the show)， and even the first lady of China, Peng Liyuan, became swept up in the fever. She was quoted by the state-run People’s Daily commenting on the physical resemblance between the lead actor, an extraterrestrial heartthrob with a mop of jet-black hair, and her husband, President Xi Jinping, in his younger years。
The target audience for dramas like “Star,” as is it known, consists mostly of women in their teens to early 40s who prefer to watch shows known as naocanju, or “brain-dead dramas,” instead of popular series from the United States, like “Game of Thrones” and “House of Cards。”
Maggie Xiong, senior director of international acquisitions at Youku, the streaming service, said the show “brought Korean content to the mainstream。” It was streamed more than 2.5 billion times in the first three months after its premiere in December 2013.
“ ‘My Love From Another Star’ was a very exceptional show, just like ‘Friends’ in the 1990s and early 2000s,” said Grace Guan, who manages Sohu’s Korean content strategy. “We would all love to make a show like that, but there are so many elements involved。”
For years, entertainment industry observers in China have sought to explain Korean television’s foothold in China. They say it comes down to packaging。
“The Koreans continue to do well because of the details,” said Fan Xiaojing, a Chinese journalist and long-term analyst of the Korean entertainment industry. “China just can’t capture the romance。”
Unlike in China, where experts say up to 70 percent of a production’s budget can be spent on actors’ salaries, both Korean and Chinese producers say that Korean shows tend to spend more on production sets and screenwriters, avoiding fake props, brands and backdrops in favor of the real things. And since in Korea shows are broadcast soon after they are filmed, scriptwriters and directors can get feedback quickly, allowing them to make tweaks according to audience demands。
Actors in Korea are also groomed from a young age and taught how to walk and dress, said Ms. Guan, who previously worked at an artists’ management agency in Seoul. They are taken in for plastic surgery, and as part of their training are instructed on how to “let just one teardrop fall。”
The Chinese are catching on, producers on both sides say, as they also learn what content resonates most with Chinese audiences. According to producers, the show must be fast-paced, and if it is a drama, it should be a love story。
“Chinese people think the good dramas are ones with nonrealistic themes,” said Ma Xue, a cultural critic and producer. “All involve a Cinderella who falls in love with a prince。”
As for love, the expression of it is usually restrained. In “Star,” when the alien character, Do Min-Joon, and the star actress, Cheon Song-yi, even so much as kiss, Do Min-Joon falls violently ill。
According to the new regulations, which were issued in September, foreign television shows cannot constitute more than 30 percent of TV content on Chinese online video-streaming sites. In addition, all foreign television shows must be reviewed by censors before they can be streamed。
Korean production companies are still finding ways to take advantage of the fast-growing online market in China. HB Entertainment is partnering with a Chinese company to produce two new dramas similar to “Star” specifically for the Chinese market, one in Chinese and one in Korean with subtitles。
“China is a big part of our strategy now,” said Bomi Moon, head of the Korean company HB Entertainment, which recently opened a Beijing office. “Many Chinese companies want to work with Korean partners because we’re good at writing scripts。”
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