美國雙職家庭丈夫事業優先

　　8月13日口譯文章：在美國雙職家庭中,丈夫奇跡優先

　　美國一項研討表現，現在女性在職場中的位置大概有所進步，但在家裏，她們的奇跡比擬於丈夫而言仍位於次要位置。當伉儷兩邊的事情時光都很長的情形下，女方辭去事情的大概性更大。

　　康奈爾大學的研討職員查英珠發明，對付丈夫每周事情時光跨越50個小時的職場女性而言，她們須要承當大部門家務和照料家人的義務，以是更有大概辭掉事情。

　　一項對來自雙職工家庭的8484名專業事情職員和17648名非專業職員的剖析表現，對付丈夫每周事情時光跨越60個小時的職業女性而言，她們辭掉事情的概率增長42%。

　　查說，丈夫每周事情60個小時以上的職場女性辭掉事情的概率增長到51%，而對付有孩子的職場女性而言，這一概率則猛增至 112%。

　　但依據這項在《美國社會學批評》四月刊上揭櫫的研討表現，假如老婆每周事情60個小時或以上，對男性告退的概率卻沒有甚麽明顯的影響。

　　這項名為“男女分工：配頭過分工尷尬刁難雙職家庭男性和女性職業的影響”的研討稱，對付職業男性來講，無論家裏是不是已有孩子，老婆事情時光長對他們的影響可以忽稍不計。

　　查應用的研討數據起源於美國生齒普查局。查在一份聲明說：“當長期事情使雙職工家庭湧現職業和家庭辯論時，每每是優先斟酌丈夫的奇跡。”

　　“這類情形對付從事專業事情和位於治理崗亭的人來講尤其凸起，由於這一人群最重視盡力事情和的後代的造就。研討表現，過分事情狀態的廣泛存在會致使很多雙職工伉儷回歸到一種傳統的男女分工的家庭模式--男主外，女主內。”

　　【參考譯文】

　　Women might be on a more even footing at work but at home their careers tend to take a backseat to their husband's job with women most likely to quit when both are working long hours, according to a U.S. study.

　　Researcher Youngjoo Cha, from Cornell University, found that working women with a husband who worked 50 hours or more a week found themselves still doing most of the housework and the care giving and were more likely to end up quitting their job.

　　An analysis of 8,484 professional workers and 17,648 nonprofessionals from dual-earner families showed that if women had a husband who worked 60 hours or more per week it increased the woman's odds of quitting her paid job by 42 percent.

　　Cha said the odds of quitting increased to 51 percent for professional women whose husbands work 60 hours or more per week, and for professional mothers the odds they would quit their jobs jumped 112 percent.

　　However, it did not significantly affect a man's odds of quitting his job if his wife worked 60 hours or more per week, according to the study published in the American Sociological Review in April.

　　For professional men, both parents and non-parents, the effects of a wife working long hours were negligible, according to the study called "Reinforcing Separate Spheres: The Effect of Spousal Overwork on Men's and Women's Employment in Dual-Earner Households."

　　"As long work-hours introduce conflict between work and family into many dual-earner families, couples often resolve conflict in ways that prioritize husbands' careers," Cha, who used data from the U.S. Census Bureau, said in a statement.

　　"This effect is magnified among workers in professional and managerial occupations, where the norm of overwork and the culture of intensive parenting tend to be strongest. The findings suggest that the prevalence of overwork may lead many dual-earner couples to return to a separate spheres arrangement -- breadwinning men and homemaking women."