托福閱讀材料之美國革命

　　美國革命實在其實不算是一場革命，由於它並未致使完整的和完全的變更。革命帶來了龐大的變更，但並不是天翻地覆，所產生的只是進化的加快，而不是一場完全的革命。願望眾人可以從中控制一些專業辭匯，同時進修相幹配景常識。

　　American Revolution

　　美國革命

　　The American Revolution was not a revolution in the sense of a radical or total change. It was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations. Significant changes were ushered in, but they were not breathtaking. What happened was accelerated evolution rather than outright revolution. During the conflict itself people went on working and praying, marrying and playing. Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on.

　　美國革命實在其實不算是一場革命，由於它並未致使完整的和完全的變更。此次革命並非對政治和社會框架的一次忽然和激烈的推翻，象厥後在已是自主國家的法國和俄國所暴發的革命那樣。革命帶來了龐大的變更，但並不是天翻地覆，所產生的只是進化的加快，而不是一場完全的革命;在辯論時代，人們仍舊上班、做星期、娶親、頑耍。多半人並無遭到現實戰役的緊張影響。很多較閉塞的社區對這場戰斗險些一竅不通。

　　America's War of Independence heralded the birth of three modern nations. One was Canada, which received its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States. Another was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors. The third newcomer--the United States--based itself squarely on republican principles. Yet even the political overturn was not so revolutionary as one might suppose. In some states, notably Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified colonial self-rule already existing. British officials, everywhere ousted, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and Parliament.

　　美國自力戰斗宣告了三個當代國度的出生，個中一個是加拿大。加拿大的第一大量講英語的流入生齒來自於不計其數英王的盡忠者，這些人從美國逃到了加拿大。另外一個國度是澳大利亞，由於美國再也不是容納罪犯和負債者的國家了，澳大利亞就釀成了一個懲辦罪犯的殖民地(註：自力戰斗前，英國當局將罪犯放逐到美國)。 第三個國度便是美國，它完整樹立在共和原則基本上。縱然政治上的推翻也不如人們大概想象的那樣具備革命性。在一些州，特殊是康涅狄格和羅德島，戰斗根本上只是認可了已存在的殖民地的自治。到處被驅趕的英國官員都被本土的統治階層所替換，這個統治階層敏捷地以處所權利構造來替換國王訂定合同會。

　　上述內容為考生先容了美國革命相幹的托福瀏覽資料，願望考生能賣力瀏覽，日常平凡的瀏覽演習是托福測驗瀏覽備考的主要一環，願望眾人能應用好每份資料，盡量多地從中獲得常識，更多托福測驗出色內容盡在留學托福測驗頻道，敬請考生連續存眷。