印度要求英國王室歸還光之山鉆石

2015/11/12 瀏覽次數:4 收藏
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  It was once the world's largest-known diamond, is worth a reported 100m and is currently part of Britain's crown jewels.

  But India wants it back.

  Bollywood stars and businessmen have united to instruct lawyers to begin legal proceedings in London's High Court to return the Koh-i-Noor diamond.

  The diamond was in the crown worn by the Queen Mother at the coronation of her husband King George VI in 1937 and again at Queen Elizabeth's coronation in 1953.

  The group, which has called itself the "Mountain of Light" after the translation of the stone's name, say that the 105-carat diamond was stolen from its true home in India and are demanding that the UK Government returns it.

  The stone is "one of the many artefacts taken from India under dubious circumstances", according to David de Souza from the Indian leisure group Tito's.

  Souza claims the British colonisation of India had stolen wealth and "destroyed the country's psyche".

  The jewel was given to the reigning Queen of the time by the last ruler of the Sikhs, Duleep Singh, after the British annexe of the Punjab.

  Bollywood star Bhumicka Singh, also part of the group, said: "The Koh-i-noor is not just a 105-carat stone, but part of our history and culture and should undoubtedly be returned."

  British Lawyers instructed by the "Mountain of Light" group to return the stone, said they would base their case on the Holocaust (Return of Cultural Objects) Act, which gives national institutions in the UK the power to return stolen art.

  Satish Jakhu, of Birmingham-based law firm Rubric Lois King, said they would make their claim under the common law doctrine of “trespass to goods”, arguing that the government had stolen the diamond. He added that they would be taking their case to the International Court of Justice.

  Historian Andrew Roberts told the Mail on Sunday: "Those involved in this ludicrous case should recognise that the British Crown Jewels is precisely the right place for the Koh-i-Noor diamond to reside, in grateful recognition for over three centuries of British involvement in India, which led to the modernisation, development, protection, agrarian advance, linguistic unification and ultimately the democratisation of the sub-continent."

  According to legend, the gem can only be worn by God or women, and whoever wears the jewel will become extremely powerful, but if a man wears it, he will meet an unfortunate end.

  The jewel was also in the crowns of Queen Alexandra and Queen Mary. It remains in the Queen Mother's crown, which sat atop her coffin at her funeral in 2002.

  The UK Government has so far rejected the claims.

  它曾是天下上已知的最大鉆石,如今是英國鑲嵌在王冠上的禦寶之一,據稱代價1億英鎊。

  但印度想把這塊鉆石討返來。

  寶萊塢(largest-known diamond,)一眾影星和多名販子結合拜托狀師,向倫敦高級法院(London's High Court)提告狀訟,請求清償光之山鉆石(Koh-i-Noor)。

  伊麗莎白王太後出席1937年丈夫喬治六世國王(King George VI)和1953年女兒伊麗莎白女王(Queen Elizabeth)的加冕禮時,頭上佩帶的王冠就鑲嵌了光之山鉆石。

  訴訟集團以鉆石的英文譯名Mountain of Light(如下稱“光之山”)自稱。他們稱,這顆重105克拉的鉆石是從其家鄉印度盜走的,請求英國當局清償光之山鉆石。

  印度旅行休閑公司Tito's的戴維·德·蘇紮(David de Souza)表現,這顆鉆石只是“在可疑的情況下賤失的浩瀚印度文物之一。”

  蘇紮稱,英國對印度的殖民統治不但搶奪了大筆財產,還“搗毀了印度的民族精力”。

  英國將印度的旁遮普邦(Punjab)兼並後,印度末了一名錫克大君達立普·辛格(Duleep Singh)將光之山鉆石供獻給了其時在位的英國女王。

  寶萊塢影星布米卡·辛格(Bhumicka Singh)也是這個訴訟集團的成員,她表現:“光之山不但是一顆105克拉的鉆石,照樣印度汗青和文化的一部門。英國無疑應該清償。”

  “光之山”集團拜托的英國狀師表現,這次訴訟會以《大屠戮(文化物品清償)法案》為依據。這項法案付與英國國度機構清償被竊藝術品的權力。

  伯明翰律所Rubric Lois King的狀師薩蒂什·雅庫(Satish Jakhu)表現,他們將根據習氣法有關“不法侵犯別人全部物”的劃定提出訴訟,並證實這顆鉆石確切是英國當局盜取所得。他還表現他們將會上訴至結合國國際法院(International Court of Justice)。

  汗青學家安德魯·羅伯茨(Andrew Roberts)對《日曜日郵報》(Mail on Sunday)表現:“介入這起荒謬訴訟案的原告應該認可,英國王室皇冠是光之山鉆石的絕佳歸處,這是對英國對印度長達300多年的贊助的感念和承認。這些贊助增進了印度的當代化,贊助印度賡續成長,賜與了印度恰當掩護,推進了農業提高,使其說話同一,終極引領這塊次大陸走上了民主的途徑。”

  據傳說,光之山鉆石只可由天主或女性佩帶,佩帶者將具有極大的勢力。但若佩帶者是男性,就會惡運上身。

  光之山鉆石也曾被鑲嵌在亞歷山德拉王後(Queen Alexandra)和瑪麗王後(Queen Mary)的冠冕上。如今這顆鉆石仍嵌在伊麗莎白王太後的王冠上,這頂王冠在2002年王太後的葬禮上被安排在她的靈柩之上。

  到今朝為止,英國當局否定印方的說法。