11月19日口譯文章：巴黎恐懼打擊加重美國反移民情感
就在歐盟賣力移民事件的最高官員催促美國當局“更慷慨地”吸收敘利亞災黎之際，他的這一論調因巴黎遭遇的一系列恐懼打擊而在剎那之間面對更猛烈的政治否決。
像其他一些國度同樣，這場大屠戮在美國同樣成為災黎政策批駁者炒作的題材。9月份，在歐洲的施壓下，美國準許在接下來的一年裏吸收1萬名敘利亞災黎(本來是1500名)。
在巴黎警方發明一位打擊者的屍首旁有一本敘利亞護照後，人們加倍擔憂恐懼份子大概佯裝成災黎進入美國。今朝，許多共和黨總統參選人和其他黨員都願望白宮撤消或推延收留敘利亞災黎的籌劃。
民意查詢拜訪專家弗蘭克倫茨(Frank Luntz)稱，在2016年選戰中，災黎議題及其對移民爭辯的影響將是重頭戲，特殊是對共和黨而言。但他表現，兩黨都邑“出於本身的政治目標而鼓動這件事”。
美國南部阿拉巴馬州的州長、共和黨人羅伯特本特利(Robert Bentley)上周日稱，他將否決統統在該州安頓災黎的盡力。
“在周全斟酌了上周末針對巴黎無辜布衣的恐懼打擊後，我將否決統統在阿拉巴馬州安頓敘利亞災黎的妄圖。”本特利稱，“我不會成為將阿拉巴馬州國民置於險境的政策的同謀者。”
與唐納德礠朗普(Donald Trump)一路在共和黨總統候選人陣營中領跑的退休腦外科大夫本慍森(Ben Carson)稱，許可中東災黎進入美國事一個“偉大的毛病”。
“(恐懼構造)為何不把在乎識形態上否決咱們的人混入災黎當中?”他說，“在這類情形下讓他們來這裏是大腦短路的行動。”
特朗普表現，奧巴馬欲吸收25萬災黎(數字被誇張了)的確是“瘋了”。特朗普此前表現，美國應當吸收更多災黎，由於這是一個“非同平常的人性主義題目”。但他厥後已改口稱，假如他被選總統，將驅趕全部敘利亞人。
固然打仇外牌來積攢人氣的是部門共和黨人，但該黨全部的總統候選人都擔憂美國事否有才能篩查災黎。
“咱們沒才能吸收更多災黎，不是咱們不想吸收，而是咱們沒才能，”古巴裔商討員馬爾科脠比奧(Marco Rubio)稱，“咱們沒有方法對正從敘利亞來的某小我舉行配景查詢拜訪。你給誰打手機來對他們做配景查詢拜訪?”
美國副國度平安參謀本圠祿(Ben Rhodes)不承認這些說法，稱政府有“異常普遍的篩查法式”。但一些賣力檢察申請者的官員認可，切實其實存在滲入滲出的危害。
美國聯邦查詢拜訪局(FBI)局長詹姆斯科米(James Comey)比來告知國會，雖說篩查伊拉克災黎存在一些挑釁，但篩查敘利亞災黎的難度更大。“咱們獨一可以或許提出題目的器械便是咱們已具有的信息。是以，假如咱們不控制某小我的信息，他們從未出如今咱們的雷達屏幕上……這就難辦了，”他表現。
美國各地環繞這個題目已暴發了抗議。南卡羅來納州的一些縣已經由過程決定，否決所謂的“災黎安頓籌劃”。一些擔心是由ISIS的突起和逃入歐洲的敘利亞人的形象激發的，另有一些是由於一些進入美國的災黎被剖斷向恐懼份子供給支撐，包含肯塔基州的一個案子。
巴黎遇襲後，白宮被夾在了一個上下難堪的地步中——一邊是願望美國承當更大義務的歐洲盟友，另外一邊是聲名美國當局必需以國民平安為先的共和黨人。
此事還在民主黨和共和黨之間打下了一個楔子。在上周六的民主黨總統候選人爭辯中，前國務卿希拉裏克林頓(Hillary Clinton)和馬裏蘭州前州長馬丁攠汙利(Martin O’Malley)都表現，美國應吸收6.5萬名敘利亞災黎，只要他們經由了恰當的檢察。奧馬利表現，這“相似於在一個能容納3.2萬人的棒球場裏再給6.5小我騰出一些地位”。
弗尼吉亞大學(University of Virginia)政治專家拉裏薩巴托(Larry Sabato)表現，這次打擊會使共和黨人“加倍反移民”，並迫使魯比奧和傑布布什(Jeb Bush)等較平和的總統候選人采用更倔強的態度，這大概會在大選誹謗及共和黨在非白人選民氣中的名譽。但他表現，民主黨人也面對一個困難，由於“很丟臉出他們若何可以或許持續支撐美國吸收1萬名敘利亞災黎”。
【參考譯文】
Just as the top EU official for migration was urging the White House to be “more generous” in accepting Syrian refugees, Paris was struck by a series of attacks that immediately boosted political opposition to his pitch.
As in some other countries, the massacres have been co-opted by critics of refugee policy. The US in September agreed to accept 10,000 Syrian refugees over the next year, up from 1,500, under pressure from Europe.
The fear that terrorists could enter the US masked as refugees was exacerbated after a Syrian passport was found near the body of one of the attackers. Many of the Republican presidential contenders and other party members now want the White House to scrap or defer the Syrian refugee programme.
Frank Luntz, a pollster, said the refugee issue and its impact on the immigration debate in the 2016 campaign would be significant, particularly for the Republicans. But he said both parties were “stoking it for their own political purposes”.
Robert Bentley, the Republican governor of Alabama, on Sunday said he would oppose any efforts to place refugees in the southern state.
“After full consideration of this weekend’s attacks of terror on innocent citizens in Paris, I will oppose any attempt to relocate Syrian refugees to Alabama,” said Mr Bentley. “I will not stand complicit to a policy that places the citizens of Alabama in harm’s way.”
Ben Carson, the retired brain surgeon leading the Republican field with Donald Trump, said allowing refugees from the Middle East into the US was a “huge mistake”.
“Why wouldn’t [terror groups] infiltrate them with people who are ideologically opposed to us?” he said. “To bring them here under these circumstances is a suspension of intellect.”
Mr Trump said it was “insane” that Mr Obama wanted to accept 250,000 refugees, exaggerating the number. After previously saying the US should accept more refugees because of the “unbelievable humanitarian problem”, he has since said he would deport all Syrians if he became president.
While some Republicans are playing the xenophobia card to rally the base, all the party’s contenders worry about the US’s ability to screen refugees.
“We won’t be able to take more refugees. It’s not that we don’t want to, it’s that we can’t,” said Marco Rubio, the Cuban-American senator. “There’s no way to background check someone that’s coming from Syria. Who do you call and do a background check on them?”
Ben Rhodes, deputy national security adviser, rejected those claims, saying authorities had “very extensive screening procedures”. But some officials in charge of vetting applicants have conceded that there is a risk of infiltration.
James Comey, FBI director, recently told Congress that while there were challenges screening Iraqi refugees, the process was tougher for Syria. “The only thing we can query is information that we have. So, if we have no information on someone, they’ve never crossed our radar screen . . . it will be challenging,” he said.
Protests have flared around the US over the issue. Some counties in South Carolina have passed resolutions against the so-called “Refugee Resettlement Project”. While some concerns have been sparked by the rise of Isis and images of Syrians fleeing into Europe, there have been cases, including one in Kentucky, where refugees in the US were convicted of providing support for terrorists.
In the wake of the Paris attacks, the White House is caught between European allies who want the US to bear a bigger burden and Republicans who say the administration must prioritise citizens’ safety.
It has also forced a wedge between Democrats and Republicans. During the Democratic presidential debate on Saturday, Hillary Clinton, former secretary of state, and Martin O’Malley, former Maryland governor, both said the US should accept 65,000 Syrian refugees as long as they were properly vetted. Mr O’Malley said that was “akin to making room for 6.5 more people in a baseball stadium with 32,000”.
Larry Sabato, a University of Virginia politics expert, said the attacks would make Republicans “even more anti-immigration” and force more moderate candidates, such as Mr Rubio and Jeb Bush, to take a tougher stance, which could hurt the party’s standing with non-white voters in the general election. But he said the Democrats also faced a conundrum since it was “hard to see how they can continue to support absorbing 10,000 Syrians into the US”.
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