警惕這些SAT閱讀考試中的熟詞僻義!

2015/11/27 瀏覽次數:6 收藏
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  SAT辭匯從團體上包括兩類,一類是生難單詞,如somniloquy, rejuvenescent, hector, amnesia等,這種單詞的特色是比擬長,並且這種單詞通常為書面語,假如深刻剖析,會發明這些單詞的許多詞根詞綴來自於希臘或羅馬詞源。

  另一類SAT生難單詞是熟詞生義,這種單詞的一大特色是根本都是異常常見和基本的單詞,但這些單詞在英文成長過程當中,在詳細說話運用情況下,卻具有一些與其根本寄義完整無關的寄義,如bent(稟賦,喜好), composed(沉著), sport(誇耀), complex(修建群或情結),consumption(肺結核)等,這種單詞是本文評論辯論的重點。

  許多門生在備考SAT過程當中,每每關於重視大概說只重視刷SAT冷僻難長單詞,好比狂刷巴郎3500或市情其他相幹的SAT辭匯書。弗成否認,刷這些辭匯書對進步SAT辭匯量進而影響SAT詳細成就確切很主要。但應當誇大的是,SAT瀏覽部門除考核上述生難單詞,還會觸及許多熟詞生義,而這些寄義的控制,每每直接與對瀏覽文章及選項的精確懂得相幹。

  為了解釋這種熟詞生義的主要性,這裏先枚舉SAT12年5月亞洲卷的單短瀏覽來作為例子:

  The formerly supercharged Houston space complex aged through the 1980s, developing the outward ambience of a quiet, rural college campus, where the outrageous swamp climate and the surreal routines of human space flight were gentled with a landscaping of duck ponds and shade trees. Out along the approach road reclined the symbol of NASA’s faded glory: a giant Saturn moon rocket dismantled into pieces for tourists to inspect, like lengths of fossilized bone from a mythic biotech dragon. Rimming the campus were strip malls and tidy residential neighborhoods. A nearby hamburger stand sported a supersized, fiberglass astronaut thirteen feet tall, whose outstretched left arm beckoned with an order of fries.

  文中觸及的單詞,一眼看曩昔,都是比擬簡略的單詞,但詳細到文章中,許多門生,特別英文瀏覽量未到達必定水平的門生,應當會認為懂得起來有點停滯。詳細而言,這篇短短只有110字的英文文章,共含有Supercharged(節拍快的),complex(修建群), aged(朽邁),Outrageous(難以容忍的), gentled(折衷),landscaping(美化情況),shade(暗影),Rim(圍繞),strip(購物中間),stand(告白牌),sported(顯耀)等11個熟詞生義。這些詞的準確意思的控制,直接影響考生對該文章的精確懂得。

  許多考生大概會存在榮幸生理,以為這種文章只是SAT測驗瀏覽中的個例,SAT瀏覽文章不會大批存在這種辭匯活用。但現實上,在現實SAT測驗中,熟詞生義或著出如今文章出題點上,表現為生難句子讓門生懂得,大概出如今選項中,使考生文章能懂得,但選項懂得有誤差,從而湧現失分。比以下面這題:

  Today any accessible, fast-moving story written in unaffected prose is deemed to be “genre fiction”---at best an excellent “read “or “page turner” but never literature with a capital L. Everything written in self-conscious, writerly prose, on the other hand, is now considered to be “literary fiction”---not necessarily good literary fiction, mind you, but always worthier of respectful attention than even the best-written thriller or romance.

  5 The author of Passage 1 implies that “literature with a capital L” is fiction that is

  (A) considered classic by scholars of English literature

  (B) written in a mannered and pretentious style

  (C) unafraid to address highbrow themes and weighty issues

  (D) successful both critically and financially

  (E) unfairly ignored by the book-buying public

  在這段筆墨中,unaffected等於一個熟詞生義,affect在英文中,除表現愛好,影響,還表現虛假,帶著如許的常識,門生很輕易能依據這個語境曉得unaffected在這個語境下是指不虛假。而本題為細節題,只要把響應難句懂得清晰,則謎底立刻清晰,是以,本題準確謎底為B(個中,mannered是指虛假的,矯揉造作的)。

  綜上,眾人可曉得在SAT備登科,熟詞的冷僻寄義對付文章懂得和選項選取是異常主要的。