青年時抗壓差 成年後易得糖尿病
最新一項查詢拜訪表現，與那些擅優點理壓力情感的人群比擬，那些年紀在18歲左右且不善於應答生理壓力的人們更易在成年後得了2型糖尿病。
紐約西奈山醫學院的首席作者凱西·克倫普大夫表現，“一些研討註解：若人在中年曾閱歷過壓力較大的時代，那末其得了糖尿病的危害也較大。”
克倫普與其同事在糖尿病學雜誌中提到：從未有人摸索過一小我在青年時代對壓力的反響和處置立場是不是與其人生後期得了糖尿病的危害巨細有關。
克倫普曾在美國加州斯坦福大學舉行這項研討，時代他向路透康健消息專欄寫了一封郵件，上面寫道：“抗壓才能指一種可以或許準確應答壓力和波折的才能，抗壓才能較弱則象征著遭遇波折後從新振作走出困境的自我調理才能較差。”
該研討團隊對一百多萬名18歲少年的數據舉行了剖析。這些少年都曾在1969至1997年間在瑞典應征參軍，那段時代仍實施責任兵役軌制。
這些年青人在18歲時代並未得了糖尿病，而且都曾舉行過對本身抗壓才能的尺度性生理評估。在短短二十到三非常鐘的采訪中，生理學家對這些人在黌舍、事情、家庭和一些文娛運動範疇中存在的順應性題目、抵觸、獲得的勝利，負擔的義務和展示的踴躍性等方面舉行了相幹訊問。
克倫普團隊將這些介入采訪的人與其本身厥後的病歷記載舉行了比對，並磨練是不是有人曾在1987至2012年間咨詢過糖尿病門診或被診斷得了糖尿病。
在對這些人的體重、家屬病史、小我和社區的社會經濟身分舉行考量後，研討職員發明那些抗壓才能較低，也便是得分在1到3分之間(滿分是9分，1分代表抗壓才能最低，9分代表抗壓才能最高)的人，有51%的機率比那些得分在7到9分之間的人更易得了糖尿病。
“壓力巨細和抗壓才能均可能發生龐大的康健效應，”克倫普說道，“生存中壓力平日起源於幹系、家庭、黌舍、事情等範疇的題目或懊惱。”
克倫普表現，那些閱歷太重大壓力大概缺少抗壓才能的人大概會漸漸構成不康健的生存方法，比方不紀律的飲食習氣，缺少體育活動，抽煙酗酒等等。
克倫普還表現，除此以外，另有大概發生一系列與壓力相幹的生理變更，好比：較高程度的皮質醇(壓力激素)，有助於發生抗胰島生性，並激發糖尿病。
瑞典奧萊布魯醫科大學的塞西莉亞·馬瑞大夫雖未介入此項新研討，但他表現，“假如你的抗壓才能較低，那末平常生存中一些嚕蘇的工作在你看來也大概讓你倍感壓力。”與此同時，馬瑞大夫向路透康健消息專欄發郵件提到，“但是，諸如上疆場接觸這類工作對付每小我來講都屬於高壓事宜，縱然是對付那些抗壓才能較強的人來講也是如斯。”
克倫普表現：通俗民眾，特別是那些超重或有糖尿病家屬病史的人應當明確，抗壓處置對付堅持歷久康健和防備糖尿病來講異常主要。
【參考譯文】
Men who have low resistance to psychological stress at age 18 may face considerably higher risk for type 2 diabetes in adulthood compared to those better able to handle stress, according to new research.
"Other studies have found that stressful life experiences in mid-adulthood are linked with a higher risk of developing diabetes," said lead author Dr. Casey Crump of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York.
But none have looked at whether responses to stress at a young age predict risk of diabetes much later in life, Crump and his colleagues write in Diabetologia.
"Stress resilience refers to the ability to properly adapt to or cope with stress and adversity," Crump, who was at Stanford University in California when he worked on the study, told Reuters Health by email. "Low resistance to stress (or low stress resilience) means difficulty coping with or rebounding from adversity."
The study team analyzed data on more than 1 million 18-year-old men who were conscripted into military service in Sweden between 1969 and 1997, when service was compulsory.
The young men did not have diabetes at age 18 and all underwent standard psychological assessments of their stress resistance. In a 20 to 30 minute interview, a psychologist asked each man about adjustment problems and conflicts, successes, responsibilities taken on and initiatives shown or experienced in school, work, home or in leisure activities.
Crump’s team matched the participants to their later medical records to see who received an outpatient or inpatient diagnosis of diabetes between 1987 and 2012. About 34,000 of the men were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
After accounting for body weight, family history of diabetes and individual and neighborhood socioeconomic factors, the researchers found that men with low stress resilience - that is, with a score between one and three on a nine-point scale - were 51 percent more likely to have a diabetes diagnosis than those with the highest scores, between seven and nine.
"Both the amount of stress and stress resilience may have important health effects," Crump said. "Common sources of stress include relationship, family, school, and workplace problems or worries."
People who experience a lot of stress or have trouble resisting it may react with unhealthy behaviors like poor eating habits, little physical activity and smoking or heavier alcohol use, he said.
"Other stress-related physiologic changes may also be involved, such as higher levels of (the stress hormone) cortisol which can contribute to insulin resistance and diabetes," he said.
"If you have low stress resilience, even some everyday experiences can be stressful," said Dr. Cecilia Bergh of Orebro University in Sweden, who was not part of the new study. "Very high levels of stress, such as being in a war zone, are damagingly stressful for almost everybody, even among those with high stress resilience," Bergh told Reuters Health by email.
The general public, and especially those who are overweight or have a family history of diabetes, should know that stress management is an important part of maintaining long-term health and preventing diabetes, Crump said.
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