雅思閱讀高分技巧——段落主題定位

2015/09/22 瀏覽次數:15 收藏
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  定位段落主題是咱們在雅思瀏覽中必需控制的一項技巧,特別是在雅思測驗的文章中,更是必需敏捷抓準主題句,提取文章骨幹,收縮瀏覽時光,精準答題偏向。

  那咱們應當怎樣定位呢?起首,咱們應當明白段落主題的大抵地位,那末在哪些處所是段落主題經常湧現的地位呢?

  段落主題句湧現得至多的地位便是段首。

  英語文章中至多的便是演繹型的寫法,由於西方人愛好直言不諱,以是他們經常在每段的第一句話就先交卸出這段話的宗旨。這是最簡略的,也是最多見的主題句地位,以下面這個例子:

  As a child grows up, he learns how to behave in ways that is appropriate tothe society into which he is born. That is to say, he acquires the patterns ofbehavior that are accepted as normal in his society. This process of sociallearning is generally referred to as socialization. By socialization, then, wemean the process whereby individuals learn the rules, values and practices ofthe society in which they live.

  上面這段話中的第一句便是對團體段落大意的一個先容;從第二句話中的“That is tosay”可以看出來,第二句話是對第一句話的說明;第三句話中的“Thisprocess”也是代指的前一句話中的進修,成熟進程。而末了一句話也是對社會化的一個說明,以是也能夠肯定第一句話便是段落的主題句。

  除第一句以外,主題句也大概出如今段首地位的第二句。那何時會湧現這類情形呢?分成三種情形:

  (1)當首句是問句時;

  (2)當首句是過渡句時;

  (3)當次句為遷移轉變句時。

  在這些情形下,第二句話都邑比第一句話更主要,以是主題句也更大概出如今第二句話中。比方下面這句話:

  What then makes people left-handed if it is not simply genetic? Otherfactors must be at work and researchers have turned to the brain for clues. Inthe 1860s the French surgeon and anthropologist, Dr Paul Broca, made theremarkable finding that patients who had lost their powers of speech as a resultof a stroke (a blood clot(凝聚) in the brain) had paralysis(麻木) of the right halfof their body. He noted that since the left hemisphere of the brain controls theright half of the body, and vice versa(反之亦然), the brain damage must have been inthe brain’s left hemisphere, Psychologists now believe that among right handedpeople, probably 95 percent have their language centre in the left hemisphere,while 5 percent have right-sided language.

  第一句話發問:“假如不但是基因讓人們習氣於用左手,那另有甚麽緣故原由呢?”咱們能猜測出,接下來這段話應當就會給咱們先容除基因之外的其他緣故原由。恰好第二句話說:“其他的身分也起到了感化,研討者將線索轉向人類大腦方面。”以是能肯定,所謂的“其他緣故原由”便是指的“人類大腦”,以是主題句也便是第二句話。

  另一個常湧現段落主題句的地位則是段尾。

  這類征象常出如今歸納型的文章裏。所謂歸納型,則是先陳說征象,末了總結紀律。是以這種的文章平日會湧現一些總結性的詞:Therefore/ Hence/Thus/ So/ Consequently/ Accordingly/ As a result/ As aconsequence;大概會湧現一些研討申報類的詞組The research findings/ the study/ the investigation/the analysis/ the evidences show/ reveal/ imply/ indicate/ suggest/ demonstrate/ prove that…;乃至有的會直接湧現總結型主題句:In short/ In general/ All in all/ To sum up/ Insummary/ On the whole…咱們一路剖析下面這個例句:

  The only species which demonstrated(證實,證明) near normal productivity(臨盆力)was Cassin’s Auklet(卡森的海雀), in which the value for 1998 exceeded the long-termmean by 16 percent. However, given that very few Cassin’s Auklets attempted tobreed(臨盆,繁衍), island-wide offspring(子女) production was extremely low. In short,these observations were quite similar, with slight variations, to observationsmade on the Farallon(法拉龍) seabird community in other severe E1 Nino years.

  在這段話的第一句中,咱們就發明了方才總結過的一個癥結詞“demonstrated”,然則咱們不難發明,這個處所是“demonstrated”是屬於which這個定語從句中的,以是不是對整段話,乃至整篇文章的總結。

  以是排除第一句話是主題句的大概性。第二句湧現了遷移轉變,那咱們又曉得遷移轉變句背面的確定比前面主要,以是接著往下看這句話。然則,看完這句話以後,咱們不難發明,末了一句話用了一個總結型的句子:“Inshort”,以是一下就可以肯定該段話的主題句便是末了一句話。

  控制好這些斷定主題句的辦法能幫咱們更快地肯定段落主題,並勤儉瀏覽時光,有更多精神放在做題上。在雅思瀏覽中能快速地幫咱們解答的配對題,宗旨題等!願望寬大考生也能踴躍總結積聚,賡續提高。