托福寫作高分的獲得須要考生留意一些細節題目,特別是一些在備考過程當中考生輕易犯的毛病,特別要考生看重,下面給考生具體先容下托福寫作要杜絕的10個毛病,願望對考天生績的進步有贊助。
1、不同等(Disagreements)
所謂不同等不但指主謂不同等,它還包含了數的不同等、時態不同等及代詞不同等等。
例1. When one have money ,he can do what he want to.
人一旦有了錢,他就可以想幹甚麽就幹甚麽。
分析:one是單數第三人稱,因此本句的have應改成has; 同理,want應改成wants。本句是典範的主謂不同等。
改成:Once one has money ,he can do what he wants (to do)
2、潤飾語錯位(Misplaced Modifiers)
英語與漢語分歧,統一個潤飾語置於句子分歧的地位,句子的寄義大概引發變更。對付這一點中國粹生每每沒有引發充足的看重,因此造成為了沒必要要的誤會。
例1、 I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus.
分析:better地位欠妥,應置於句末。
3、句子不完全(Sentence Fragments)
在白話中,外交兩邊可借助手勢語氣左右文等,不完全的句子完整可以被懂得。但是書面語就分歧了,句子構造不完全會令意思表達不清,這類情形經常產生在主句寫完今後,筆者又想加些彌補解釋時產生。
例1、There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV, radio, newspaper and so on.
分析:本句後半部門“for example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on 。”不是一個完全的句子,僅為一些不聯貫的詞語,不克不及自力成句。
改成:There are many ways to know society, for example, by TV, radio, and newspaper.
4、懸垂潤飾語(Dangling Modifiers)
所謂懸垂潤飾語是指句首的短語與背面句子的邏輯幹系淩亂不清。
比方:At the age of ten, my grandfather died. 這句中“at the age of ten”只點出十歲時,但沒有解釋“ 誰”十歲時。按一樣平常推理不多是my grandfather,假如咱們把這個懸垂潤飾語改明白一點,全句就不那末費解了。
改成:When I was ten, my grandfather died.
例1、To do well in college, good grades are essential.
分析:句中不定式短語 “to do well in college” 的邏輯主語不清晰。
改成:To do well in college, a student needs good grades.
5、詞性誤用(Misuse of Parts of Speech)
“詞性誤用”常表示為:介詞當動詞用;形容詞當副詞用;名詞當動詞用等。
例1、None can negative the importance of money.
分析:negative 系形容詞,誤作動詞。
改成:None can deny the importance of money.
6、指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)
指代不清重要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物幹系不清,大概前後所用的代詞不同等。試看下面這一句:
Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.
瑪麗和我姐姐很要好,由於她要她做她的伴娘。
讀完上面這一句話,讀者沒法明白地斷定兩位密斯中誰將娶親,誰將當伴娘。假如咱們把易於引發誤會的代詞的所指工具加以明白,意思就一覽無余了。這個句子可改成:
Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
例1、And we can also know the society by serving it yourself.
分析:句中人稱代詞we 和反身代詞yourself指代不同等。
改成:We can also know society by serving it ourselves.
7、不中斷句子(Run-on Sentences)
甚麽叫run-on sentence?請看下面的例句。
例1. There are many ways we get to know the outside world.
分析:這個句子包括了兩層完全的意思:“There are many ways。” 和“We get to know the outside world。”。簡略地把它們連在一路就不當當了。
改成:There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或:There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world.
8、措詞缺點(Troubles in Diction)
Diction 是指在特定的句子中若何恰當地選用詞語的題目,囿於教授教養時光緊急,西席日常平凡在這方面花的時光每每極為有限,影響了門生在寫作中沒有養成優越的斟酌,推敲的習氣。他們每每為所欲為,拿來就用。以是作文頂用詞欠妥的毛病觸目皆是。
例1、The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.
農業方面化學物資應用的賡續增長也造成為了汙染。
分析:明顯,考生把obstacles“停滯”,“停滯物”誤作substance“物資”了。別的“the increasing use (賡續增長的應用)” 應改成“abusive use (濫用)”。
改成:The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution.
9、包袱(Redundancy)
言以簡練為貴。寫句子沒有一個過剩的詞;寫段落沒有一個無需要的句子。能用單詞的不消詞組;能用詞組的不消從句或句子。如:In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him.
本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同謂語從句,咱們依照上述“能用詞組的不消從句”
可以改成:In spite of his laziness, I like him.
例1、For the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need.
分析:全部句子可以大大簡化。
改成:Diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need.
10、不聯貫(Incoherence)
不聯貫是指一個句子媒介紕謬後語,或是構造上不通順。這也是考生常犯的缺點。
例1. The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth.
分析:The fresh water 與逗號後的it 不聯貫。It 與things 在數方面不同等。
改成:Fresh water is the most important thing in the world.
以上內容給考生具體先容了托福寫作要杜絕的10個毛病,願望對考生有贊助,更多托福測驗出色內容盡在留學托福頻道,敬請考生連續存眷。