【名師講解】GRE閱讀語法之分詞作狀語結構

　　想要學好英語，起首就要控制各類語法，考生要想快速讀懂GRE測驗的瀏覽題，語法構造是必需要理清的，本日留學GRE測驗頻道先生就為考生講授下GRE瀏覽語法之分詞作狀語構造，供考生進修。

　　GRE瀏覽語法之分詞作狀語構造：

　　分詞平日有如今分詞和曩昔分詞兩種，他們在文中，不但可以作為形用詞，並且還能像副詞短語那樣，解釋動詞或表達某個整句要表達的觀點。比方：Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimp die as the last of the water evaporates.然後，在確保其物種能生計下去以後，蝦子就會跟著末了一點水蒸發掉而死去。這個句子的having ensured that their species will survive相稱於when大概是after，即分詞短語可以用來做表現時光的狀語部門。又如：Used economically, one bottle of kerosene will last for at least one month.用的節儉的話，一瓶石油最少可以用一個月。這時候的分詞又可以用來表現前提和緣故原由。再如：Granting the achievement to be GREat, there is still something to be desired.縱然成便是偉大的，仍有一些有待改良之處。這時候可見分詞短語在這裏又可以表現妥協。別的分詞做狀語還可以表現隨同等情形。

　　別的，須要留意的是分詞的兩種用法和構造：

　　1)分詞的邏輯主語必需與主句的主語同等，假如不同等，要用自力主格構造。如：All the money having been spent, they had to look for a part-time job.錢花光以後，他們不能不找零活幹。

　　2)with+名詞(或代詞賓格)+分詞(短語)作狀語，表現隨同情形。

　　如：With oil expected to be scarce by the end of the century, the European Community has set aside 36 million dollars for hydrogen research over the past four years.預期本世紀末煤油將緊缺，在曩昔四年裏，歐洲配合體已貯備了3,600萬美元舉行氫氣的研討事情。

　　Then, maneuvering that iron stove through that doorway, with another mighty grunt Pete just heaved it forward and outward, and it smashed down against her little grassy-patched dirt back yard, the sounds of the crash and the iron cracking open sending her little spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens all yelping and squawking and flying.

　　句子剖析：maneuvering that iron stove through that doorway是如今分詞短語作狀語，表現時光。the iron c

　　racking open是自力分詞構造，而sending her little spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens all yelping and squawking and flying的sending是分詞自力構造，爾後面的三個如今分詞是作為賓語spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens的賓語補語。

　　句子翻譯：然後，彼特搬著鐵爐走出門口，又大喝了一聲，舉起鐵爐向前去外拋去，馬上落在她亂草叢生的小後院，摔成碎片。撞擊聲和生鐵的決裂聲把她的小花狗和幾只小雞嚇得咯咯大呼，四散飛逃。

　　If you haven't actively sought a job in the past week and aren't available for an immediate start, you are moved from the ranks of the “unemployed” to one of a number of other categories---so those who throw up their hands after a period of looking vanish into a one-line column, becoming just blips in the statistician's computer, along with those who haven't been able to get out and look for work, or aren't in areas where jobs exist, or who don't fulfill the other stringent guidelines to be classed as actively looking for work.

　　句子剖析：這個句子很長，但其真實的主句在破折號以前。其主句中if引誘了一個表現前提的從句，而破折號以後的內容用於進一步說明one of a number of other categories，who引誘的是those的定語從句，becoming just blips in the statistician's computer這個如今分詞作為狀語用於表現成果，和接下來的隨同狀態，along with those who…是一龐雜的短語用於狀語，用以進一步解釋和比較。

　　句子翻譯：假如你在曩昔的一周裏沒有踴躍探求事情，而且不克不及立時開端上班，那他們就會把你從“賦閑者”群轉到很多其他種別中的一類，以是那些找了一段時光今後覺得失望的人和那些沒能出去找事情或不在有事情的地域或是因不相符其他一些嚴厲尺度而沒能算在踴躍探求事情之列的人一道一切消逝掉，釀成了統計學家電腦屏幕上的戔戔亮點罷了。