2015年GMAT考試練習：閱讀模擬題（6）

　　2015年GMAT測驗，勤於演習，控制瀏覽方法，成就才有晉升空間，下面是小編為考生預備的GMAT瀏覽模仿題，願望能對眾人有所贊助!

　　The United States government has a long-standing policy of using federal funds to keep small business viable. The Small Business Act of 1953 authorized the Small Business Administration (SBA) to enter into contracts with government agencies having procurement powers and to arrange for fulfillment of these contracts by awarding subcontracts to small businesses. In the mid-1960's, during the war on poverty years, Congress hoped to encourage minority entrepreneurs by directing such funding to minority businesses. At first this funding was directed toward minority entrepreneurs with very low incomes. A 1967 amendment to the Economic Opportunity Act directed the SBA to pay special attention to minority-owned businesses located in urban or rural areas characterized by high proportions of unemployed or low-income individuals. Since then, the answer given to the fundamental question of who the recipients should be--the most economically disadvantaged or those with the best prospects for business success--has changed, and the social goals of the programs have shifted, resulting in policy changes.

　　The first shift occurred during the early 1970's. While the goal of assisting the economically disadvantaged entrepreneur remained, a new goal emerged: to remedy the effects of past discrimination. In fact, in 1970 the SBA explicitly stated that their main goal was to increase the number of minority-owned businesses. At the time, minorities constituted seventeen percent of the nation's population, but only four percent of the nation's self-employed. This ownership gap was held to be the result of past discrimination. Increasing the number of minority-owned firms was seen as a way to remedy this problem. In that context, providing funding to minority entrepreneurs in middle- and high-income brackets seemed justified.

　　In the late 1970's, the goals of minority-business funding programs shifted again. At the Minority Business Development Agency, for example, the goal of increasing numbers of minority-owned firms was supplanted by the goal of creating and assisting more minority-owned substantive firms with future growth potential. Assisting manufacturers or wholesalers became far more important than assisting small service businesses. Minority-business funding programs were now justified as instruments for economic development, particularly for creating jobs in minority communities of high unemployment.

　　文章表面：美國當局制訂了一個資金贊助小企業的政策，而且在剛開端就贊助那些比擬窮的小企業家，第二段說目的產生了一些變更，固然當局一如既往地支撐窮的小企業，但湧現了一個新的目的：清除曩昔輕視帶來的影響，背面給了一些細節。第三段說過了一段時光目的又變了，目的調劑成贊助那些有潛力的小企業。

　　Question #21. 146-01 (22211-!-item-!-188;#058&000146-01)

　　The primary purpose of the passage is to

　　(A) discuss historical changes in a government policy

　　(B) describe the role of Congress in regulating the work of the SBA

　　(C) contrast types of funding sources used by minority businesses

　　(D) correct a misconception about minority entrepreneurship

　　(E) advocate an alternative approach to funding minority entrepreneurs

　　問宗旨，咱們直接看選項

　　A 政策變更，和我讀的有點幹系，先留著

　　B 描寫議會在治理SBA上的感化，沒提，殺

　　C 比較資金起源的範例，沒提，殺

　　D 改正了一個對付小企業的誤會，沒提，殺

　　E 主意另一個贊助小企業的辦法，文章只列出了變更，沒有說支撐哪一種變更，顯著是主觀謎底，殺

　　Question #22. 146-05 (22257-!-item-!-188;#058&000146-05)

　　It can be inferred that the "ownership gap" (see highlighted text) would be narrowed if which of the following were to occur?

　　(A) Minority entrepreneurs received a percentage of government contracts equal to that received by nonminority entrepreneurs.

　　(B) Middle- and high-income minority entrepreneurs gave more assistance to their low-income counterparts in the business community.

　　(C) Minority entrepreneurs hired a percentage of minority employees equal to the percentage of minority residents in their own communities.

　　(D) The percentage of self-employed minority persons rose to more than ten percent of all self-employed persons.

　　(E) Seventeen percent of all persons employed in small businesses were self-employed.

　　問的是誰人gap在甚麽前提下會變小，咱們回原文先看看這個辭匯地點這句話，說這類輕視致使了gap，這句話偏虛，咱們讀原文的目標是消除選項，讀的越虛消除選項的大概性就越小，得找到這個虛的對應的實的在哪。這句話開首說這個輕視，把輕視說清晰的內容應當是上面那句，咱們讀，說minority占生齒的百分之七而只有百分之四是self employed的，咱們來看選項

　　A 兩種人誰收到的條約多，沒提，殺

　　B 中產和高收入者贊助低收入的敵手，殺

　　C 招聘員工數目若幹，沒提，殺

　　D 好歹說了 self-employed，先留著

　　E 也說了，留著，可這個和原文紕謬應，輕微讀懂點原文就曉得說的是個中的百分之四，明顯這個選項不可

　　Question #23. 146-06 (22303-!-item-!-188;#058&000146-06)

　　According to the passage, in 1970 funding to minority entrepreneurs focused primarily on which of the following?

　　(A) Alleviating chronic unemployment in urban areas

　　(B) Narrowing the ownership gap

　　(C) Assisting minority-owned businesses with growth potential

　　(D) Awarding subcontracts to businesses that encouraged community development

　　(E) Targeting the most economically disadvantaged minority-owned businesses

　　問1970贊助企業的目標是甚麽?文章第二段說的很清晰，贊助的目標便是為了清除輕視的影響，輕視的影響是甚麽(影響太虛，必需曉得影響對應的實的是甚麽)，明顯是ownership，懂得到這選哪一個?明顯是B

　　Question #24. 146-09 (22349-!-item-!-188;#058&000146-09)

　　Which of the following best describes the function of the second paragraph in the passage as a whole?

　　(A) It narrows the scope of the topic introduced in the first paragraph.

　　(B) It presents an example of the type of change discussed in the first paragraph.

　　(C) It cites the most striking instance of historical change in a particular government policy.

　　(D) It explains the rationale for the creation of the government agency whose operations are discussed in the first paragraph.

　　(E) It presents the results of policies adopted by the federal government.

　　問第二段的功效是甚麽?第二段開首就已說了第一段誰人政策變了，咱們來看看選項

　　A 把第一段內容規模變窄，文章在第二段偏向變了不是narrow，偏向紕謬勁，殺

　　B說了一個變更，有點幹系，留著

　　C 也說了一個變更，留著

　　D說明第一段的器械，偏向紕謬勁，殺

　　E 提出一個政策的成果，偏向照樣同等的，文章第二段偏向變了，殺

　　B和C哪一個像佛，明顯是B。

　　以上瀏覽模仿題眾人有無全體做對呢?GMAT瀏覽多練多總結，信任分數會有很大晉升。網預祝考生2015年GMAT測驗克敵制勝!

　　欲懂得更多GMAT測驗材料，敬請存眷GMAT測驗頻道。