GRE閱讀資料之不要自己嚇自己相信自己的身體很棒

　　美國《紐約時報》是是美國嚴正報刊的代表，歷久以來具有優越的公信力和威望性著稱，1913年正式在美國出書刊行，其消息涵蓋社會多個方面，傍邊文章更是席卷了豐碩的辭匯。以是可以經由過程瀏覽《紐約時報》來豐碩本身的辭匯量，從而更好地進備考。下面是小編推舉GRE瀏覽材料之不要本身嚇本身信任本身的身材很棒.

　　You can. But it helps to think well of yourself in the first place.THE link between mind and body is terrain into which many medical researchers, fearing ridicule, dare not tread.But perhaps more should do so.For centuries, doctors have recognised the placebo effect, in which the illusion of treatment, such as pills without an active ingredient, produces real medical benefits.

　　你可以具有很好的體格。但起首，你要自我感到好，這會有贊助的。很多醫學研討者都不敢探討軀體和生理的幹系，由於他們畏懼，踏進這一範疇會受人譏笑。但大概，研討這方面的人應當多一些才好。幾個世紀以來，大夫已漸漸承認了撫慰劑效應。由於患者會發生錯覺，以為本身在接收醫治。好比，服用無活性身分的藥片也能發生現實療效。

　　More recently, respectable research has demonstrated that those who frequently experience positive emotions live longer and healthier lives.They have fewer heart attacks, for example, and fewer colds too.Why this happens, though, is only slowly becoming understood.What is needed is an experiment that points out specific and measurable ways in which such emotions alter an individual's biology.

　　依據比來的靠得住的研討註解，日常平凡踴躍樂觀的人會活得更久長、更康健。好比，他們心臟發病作的次數更少，也很少傷風。但是，人們才開端逐步懂得這類情形產生的緣故原由。人們須要的是做一場試驗，明白如許的情感是經由過程如何詳細的、可丈量的方法來轉變人的心理狀態。

　　And a study published in Psychological Science, by Barbara Fredrickson and Bethany Kok at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, does precisely that.Dr Fredrickson and Dr Kok concentrated their attentions on the vagus nerve. This nerve starts in the brain and runs, via numerous branches, to several thoracic and abdominal organs including the heart.Among its jobs is to send signals telling that organ to slow down during moments of calm and safety.

　　北卡羅來納大學教堂山分校的芭芭拉·弗雷德裏克松和貝瑟尼·可可便是依照這個思緒做了一項研討，並在《生理科學》上揭櫫了相幹論文。弗雷德裏克松博士和可可博士把留意力會合在迷走神經上。這對神經起於顱腔，經由過程無數分支與胸腔、腹腔的幾個臟器相連。它的個中一項事情便是為器官發送旌旗燈號，讓它們在軀體鎮靜、安定的狀況下放緩節拍。

　　How effectively the vagus nerve is working can be tracked by monitoring someone's heart rate as he breathes in and out.Healthy vagal function is reflected in a subtle increase in heart rate while breathing in and a subtle decrease while breathing out.The difference yields an index of vagal tone, and the value of this index is known to be connected with health.Low values are, for example, linked to inflammation and heart attacks.

　　他們經由過程監測一小我吸氣、呼氣時的心率，追蹤記載迷走神經若何有用地事情。假如吸氣時心率稍微增長，呼氣時稍微降低，則解釋迷走神經事情正常。兩次心率之差組成迷走神經張力指數。人們都曉得該指數與康健水平有關。比方，低指數就與炎癥、心臟發病作概率有接洽。

　　What particularly interested Dr Fredrickson and Dr Kok was recent work that showed something else about the vagal-tone index: people with high tone are better than those with low at stopping bad feelings getting overblown.They also show more positive emotions in general.This may provide the missing link between emotional well-being and physical health.

　　讓弗雷德裏克松博士和可可博士特殊感興致的是比來的研討，由於它表現了迷走神經張力指數的另外一本性質：與張力指數低的人比擬，指數高的人能更好地防備不良情感失控。研討也表現，指數高的人大要上情感更樂觀。這大概填補了生理康健與心理康健之間缺失的關鍵。

　　In particular, the two researchers found, during a preliminary study they carried out in 2010, that the vagal-tone values of those who experience positive emotions over a period of time go up.This left them wondering whether positive emotions and vagal tone drive one another in a virtuous spiral.They therefore conducted an experiment on 65 of the university's staff, to try to find out.

　　特別值得留意的是，兩位研討職員在2010年的開端探討中發明，人們假如感受一段時光的踴躍情感，迷走神經張力指數會就增長。這為他們留下了疑念，踴躍情感與迷走神經張力是不是位於一個良性輪回當中，相互增進?是以，他們對本校的65名員工睜開試驗，一探畢竟。

　　They measured all of their volunteers' vagal tones at the beginning of the experiment and at its conclusion nine weeks later.In between, the volunteers were asked to go each evening to a website especially designed for the purpose, and rate their most powerful emotional experiences that day.Dr Fredrickson and Dr Kok asked their volunteers to consider nine positive emotions, such as hope, joy and love, and 11 negative ones, including anger, boredom and disgust.

　　他們在試驗開端時丈量了全部自願者的迷走神經張力指數，九周後試驗停止時又再次丈量。在試驗時代，他們請求自願者天天晚上登錄一家專門為此計劃的網站，為當天所閱歷的各類最猛烈情感評定品級。弗雷德裏克松博士和可可博士為自願者供給了九種可供斟酌的踴躍情感選項，準期待、高興、酷愛，另有十一種悲觀情感，包含惱怒、疲憊、討厭。

　　They were asked to rate, on a five-point scale, whether—and how strongly—they had felt each emotion.One point meant not at all; five meant extremely.In addition, half the participants, chosen at random, were invited to a series of workshops run by a licensed therapist, to learn a meditation technique intended to engender in the meditator a feeling of goodwill towards both himself and others.

　　兩位博士請求他們以五分制逐一打分：是不是有如許的情感、情感有多猛烈。1分代表完整沒有，5分代表異常猛烈。別的，他們還隨機約請了一半自願者到一個註冊醫治師開的一系列事情坊中，進修冥想的技能，旨在讓冥想者發生一種善待本身、善待別人的情感。

　　This group was encouraged to meditate daily, and to report the time they spent doing so.Dr Fredrickson and Dr Kok discovered that vagal tone increased significantly in people who meditated, and hardly at all in those who did not.Among meditators, those who started the experiment with the highest vagal-tone scores reported the biggest increases in positive emotions.

　　在浩瀚冥想者當中他們勉勵這組人天天冥想，並向他們申報冥想用的時光。弗雷德裏克松博士和可可博士發明，冥想的人的迷走神經張力明顯增長，而那些不冥想的人險些沒有任何變更。，那些試驗一開端就具有最高指數的人，踴躍情感增長的幅度最大;

　　更多雙語文章》》GRE瀏覽材料之時尚界最強勢而又最低調的主編

　　Meditators who started with particularly low scores showed virtually no such boost.Taken as a whole, these findings suggest high vagal tone makes it easier to generate positive emotions and that this, in turn, drives vagal tone still higher.That is both literally and metaphorically a positive feedback loop.Which is good news for the emotionally positive, but bad for the emotionally negative, for it implies that those who most need a psychosomatic boost are incapable of generating one.

　　而一開端指數就很低的人，險些沒有如許的奇效。作為一個團體來看，這些發明象征著，這迷走神經張力指數越高，越輕易發生踴躍情感;反過來，踴躍情感又能增進指數的晉升。不管是從直觀照樣隱含的角度看，這都是一個正反饋輪回。對付情感樂觀的人來講，這是個好新聞;但對付悲觀的人來講，情形恰好相反，由於它象征著，那些最須要振作精力的人卻每每沒法發生踴躍情感。

　　A further experiment by Dr Kok suggests, however, that the grumpy need not give up all hope.A simpler procedure than meditation, namely reflecting at night on the day's social connections, did seem to cause some improvement to their vagal tone.This might allow even those with a negative outlook on life to bootstrap their way to a mental state from which they could then advance to the more powerful technique of meditation.

　　但是可可博士的進一步研討註解，性格欠好的人也尚存願望。有一種比冥想簡略的辦法，即天天晚上對日間的交際運動舉行反思，仿佛能在必定水平上進步迷走神經張力指數。就算是對生存不抱願望的人，也大概經由過程這類方法自我擺脫，到達另外一種精力狀況，然後他們可以進一步應用後果更好的冥想技能。

　　Whether, besides improving general health, the mechanism Dr Fredrickson and Dr Kok have discovered helps explain the placebo effect remains to be investigated.But it might, because part of that effect seems to be the good feeling engendered by the fact of being treated.More generally, doctors in the ancient world had a saying: a healthy mind in a healthy body.This sort of work suggests that though this proverb is true, a better one might be, a healthy mind for a healthy body.

　　除進步綜合康健程度，弗雷德裏克松博士和可可博士發明的機制是不是有助於說明撫慰劑效應，另有待進一步研討。但這切實其實有大概，由於撫慰劑效應就包含試驗中因醫治發生的優越情感。更加廣泛的是，古代的大夫就有個說法：身材好，精氣兒足。而這個試驗則啟示人們，只管諺語說得有理，但精氣兒足，身材好大概才更精確。

　　以上便是本日小編為眾人分享的GRE瀏覽材料之不要本身嚇本身信任本身的身材很棒，願望對加入GRE測驗的考生有所贊助。想要懂得2016gre測驗時光、gre測驗流程、gre測驗內容gre機經等信息和想要加入gre培訓考生請選取留學。末了，小編祝眾人出國留學之路順順遂利!更多出色內容盡在留學GRE測驗頻道。