托福聽力推理推斷題解析

　　托福聽力標題都是依據聽力資料做出變更的，然則照樣有一些劃定的托福聽力題型可以預備的。在托福聽力測試中，推理揣摸題是比擬有難度的一類托福聽力題型，下面就為考生剖析下托福聽力推理揣摸題，願望對考生有贊助。

　　依據言語行動(speech act)理論，咱們曉得，每句話都在練習三種言語行動：言內行動(locutionary act)、言外行動(illocutionary act)和言後行動(perlocutionary act)。個中言外行動是平常生存中湧現至多的言語行動，即“弦外之音”。而托福聽力測試，基於仿真性原則與語用原則，存眷真實場景中對對話、講座的懂得，考核弦外之音的主要性。推理揣摸題，便是以考核“弦外之音”為目標的題型。

　　基於這類懂得，咱們可以得出推理揣摸題的做題辦法。咱們應該經由過程托福聽力資料內涵邏輯、左右文之間的幹系獲得超於文本自己的措辭人的用意，即“弦外之音”。推理揣摸題的標記詞是 “reveal, imply, indicate”等。

　　4. What does the professor imply about the painting of the young woman surrounded by pumpkins? (TPO1, L1)

　　A. It was painted at an art fair

　　B. It combines Impressionism with Realism

　　C. It convinced Frantzen that she was a good illustrator

　　D. It was originally meant to be used in an advertisement

　　這是一道典範的推理揣摸題，癥結詞是imply。在文中定位題幹中“被南瓜包抄的少婦”。傳授說到: “Good. One other painting I really want you to look at is of a young woman surrounded by pumpkins. You will notice that the woman’s face is so realistic looking that it’s almost like a photograph. The woman’s nose is a little less than perfect and her hair is kind of messed up. This is realism. But then, the background of the painting, this woman with the pumpkins is wrapped in a blanket of broad thick brushstrokes, and, it’s all kinds of zigzagging brushstrokes and lines, kind of chaotic almost when you look at it close. And there are vibrant colors. There’s lots of orange, with little hints of an electric blue peeking out.”

　　起首定位，傳授描寫了這幅畫，前半段說到主婦的臉很實際，就似乎照片同樣。他的鼻子也有瑕疵，頭發有些紛亂。這是realism，實際主義。後半段用But朋分，說到這幅畫有著寬厚的筆觸、之字形線條、通亮的色彩。這時候咱們要接洽前文， “Impressionist painters tended to apply paint really thickly, and in big brushstrokes, so the texture of the canvas was rough.” 解釋這些特色都是前文中impressionism，印象主義的特色(題點第二段)。解釋這幅畫既有實際主義也有印象主義特色，獲得B。

　　這是一道典範的推理揣摸題，它的謎底沒有直接出如今文本中，然則通過火析、推理，照樣可以獲得準確謎底。是以，推理揣摸題的特色是謎底須要從文本細節信息平分析、總結能力得到，偶然乃至須要接洽前文。即謎底是基於文本，且超於文本的。